Luke:9:28-36
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rwp @
Luke:9:28 @{
About eight days } (\
h
sei h
merai okt \).
A _nominativus
pendens_
without connexion or construction .
strkjv @
Mark:9:2 | (
Matthew:17:1 |)
has "
after six days "
which agrees with the general statement . {
Into the mountain } (\
eis to oros \).
Probably Mount Hermon because we know that Jesus was near Caesarea Philippi when Peter made the confession (
Mark:8:27 ;
strkjv @
Matthew:16:13 |).
Hermon is still the glory of Palestine from whose heights one can view the whole of the land .
It was a fit place for the Transfiguration . {
To pray } (\
proseuxasthai \).
Peculiar to Luke who so often mentions Christ '
s habit of prayer (
cf .
strkjv @
3:21 |).
See also verse 29 | "
as he was praying " (\
en t
i proseuchesthai \,
one of Luke '
s favourite idioms ). {
His countenance was altered } (\
egeneto to eidos tou pros
pou autou heteron \).
Literally , "
the appearance of his face became different ."
strkjv @
Matthew:17:2 |
says that "
his face did shine as the sun ."
Luke does not use the word "
transfigured " (\
metemorph
th \)
in strkjv @
Mark:9:2 ;
strkjv @
Matthew:17:2 |.
He may have avoided this word because of the pagan associations with this word as Ovid '
s \
Metamorphoses \. {
And his raiment became white and dazzling } (\
kai ho himatismos autou leukos exastrapt
n \).
Literally , {
And his raiment white radiant }.
There is no _and_
between "
white "
and "
dazzling ."
The participle \
exastrapt
n \
is from the compound verb meaning to flash (\
astrapt \)
out or forth (\
ex \).
The simple verb is common for lightning flashes and bolts ,
but the compound in the LXX and here alone in the N .
T .
See strkjv @
Mark:9:3 | "
exceeding white "
and strkjv @
Matthew:17:2 | "
white as the light ."
rwp @
Luke:9:31 @{
There talked with him } (\
sunelaloun aut
i \).
Imperfect active ,
were talking with him . {
Who appeared in glory } (\
hoi ophthentes en dox
i \).
First aorist passive participle of \
hora \.
This item peculiar to Luke .
Compare verse 26 |. {
Spake of his decease } (\
elegon t
n exodon \).
Imperfect active ,
were talking about his \
exodus \ (
departure from earth to heaven )
very much like our English word "
decease " (
Latin _decessus_
,
a going away ).
The glorious light graphically revealed Moses and Elijah talking with Jesus about the very subject concerning which Peter had dared to rebuke Jesus for mentioning (
Mark:8:32 ;
strkjv @
Matthew:16:22 |).
This very word \
exodus \ (
way out )
in the sense of death occurs in strkjv @
2Peter:1:15 |
and is followed by a brief description of the Transfiguration glory .
Other words for death (\
thanatos \)
in the N .
T .
are \
ekbasis \,
going out as departure (
Hebrews:13:7 |), \
aphixis \,
departing (
Acts:20:29 |), \
analusis \,
loosening anchor (
2Timothy:4:6 |)
and \
analusai \ (
Phillipians:1:23 |). {
To accomplish } (\
pl
roun \).
To fulfil .
Moses had led the Exodus from Egypt .
Jesus will accomplish the exodus of God '
s people into the Promised Land on high .
See on Mark and Matthew for discussion of significance of the appearance of Moses and Elijah as representatives of law and prophecy and with a peculiar death .
The purpose of the Transfiguration was to strengthen the heart of Jesus as he was praying long about his approaching death and to give these chosen three disciples a glimpse of his glory for the hour of darkness coming .
No one on earth understood the heart of Jesus and so Moses and Elijah came .
The poor disciples utterly failed to grasp the significance of it all .
rwp @
Luke:9:32 @{
Were heavy with sleep } (\
san bebar
menoi hupn
i \).
Periphrastic past perfect of \
bare \,
a late form for the ancient \
barun \ (
not in N .
T .
save Textus Receptus in strkjv @
Luke:21:34 |).
This form ,
rare and only in passive (
present ,
aorist ,
perfect )
in the N .
T .,
is like \
barun \,
from \
barus \,
and that from \
baros \,
weight ,
burden (
Galatians:6:2 |). \
Hupn
i \
is in the instrumental case .
They had apparently climbed the mountain in the early part of the night and were now overcome with sleep as Jesus prolonged his prayer .
Luke alone tells of their sleep .
The same word is used of the eyes of these three disciples in the Garden of Gethsemane (
Matthew:26:43 |)
and of the hearts of many (
Luke:21:34 |). {
But when they were fully awake } (\
diagr
gor
santes de \).
First aorist active participle of this late (
Herodian )
and rare compound verb (
here alone in the N .
T .), \
diagr
gore \ (
Luke is fond of compounds with \
dia \).
The simple verb \
gr
gore \ (
from the second perfect active \
egr
gora \)
is also late ,
but common in the LXX and the N .
T .
The effect of \
dia \
can be either to remain awake in spite of desire to sleep (
margin of Revised Version )
or to become thoroughly awake (
ingressive aorist tense also )
as Revised Version has it .
This is most likely correct .
The Syriac Sinaitic has it "
When they awoke ."
Certainly they had been through a strain . {
His glory } (\
t
n doxan autou \).
See also verse 26 |
in the words of Jesus .
rwp @
Luke:9:33 @{
As they were departing from him } (\
en t
i diach
rizesthai autous ap '
autou \).
Peculiar to Luke and another instance of Luke '
s common idiom of \
en \
with the articular infinitive in a temporal clause .
This common verb occurs here only in the N .
T .
The present middle voice means to separate oneself fully (
direct middle ).
This departing of Moses and Elijah apparently accompanied Peter '
s remark as given in all three Gospels .
See for details on Mark and Matthew . {
Master } (\
Epistata \)
here , {
Rabbi } (
Mark:9:5 |), {
Lord } (\
Kurie \,
strkjv @
Matthew:17:4 |). {
Let us make } (\
poi
s
men \,
first aorist active subjunctive )
as in strkjv @
Mark:9:5 |,
but strkjv @
Matthew:17:4 |
has "
I will make " (\
poi
s \).
It was near the time of the feast of the tabernacles .
Songs:Peter proposes that they celebrate it up here instead of going to Jerusalem for it as they did a bit later (
John:7 |). {
Not knowing what he said } (\
m
eid
s ho legei \).
Literally , {
not understanding what he was saying } (\
m \,
regular negative with participle and \
legei \,
present indicative retained in relative clause in indirect discourse ).
Luke puts it more bluntly than Mark (
Peter '
s account ), "
For he wist not what to answer ;
for they became sore afraid " (
Mark:9:6 |).
Peter acted according to his impulsive nature and spoke up even though he did not know what to say or even what he was saying when he spoke .
He was only half awake as Luke explains and he was sore afraid as Mark (
Peter )
explains .
He had bewilderment enough beyond a doubt ,
but it was Peter who spoke ,
not James and John .
rwp @
Luke:9:34 @{
Overshadowed them } (\
epeskiazen autous \).
Imperfect active (
aorist in strkjv @
Matthew:17:5 |)
as present participle in strkjv @
Mark:9:7 |,
inchoative ,
the shadow began to come upon them .
On Hermon as on many high mountains a cloud will swiftly cover the cap .
I have seen this very thing at Blue Ridge ,
North Carolina .
This same verb is used of the Holy Spirit upon Mary (
Luke:1:35 |).
Nowhere else in the N .
T .,
though an old verb (\
epi ,
skiaz \,
from \
skia \,
shadow ). {
As they entered into the cloud } (\
en t
i eiselthein autous eis t
n nephel
n \).
Luke '
s idiom of \
en \
with the articular infinitive again (
aorist active this time ,
on the entering in as to them ).
All six "
entered into "
the cloud ,
but only Peter ,
James ,
and John "
became afraid " (\
ephob
th
san \,
ingressive first aorist passive ).
rwp @
Luke:9:35 @
If \
ekeinous \
be accepted here instead of \
autous \,
the three disciples would be outside of the cloud . {
Out of the cloud } (\
ek t
s nephel
s \).
This voice was the voice of the Father like that at the baptism of Jesus (
Luke:3:22 ;
strkjv @
Mark:1:11 ;
strkjv @
Matthew:3:17 |)
and like that near the end (
John:12:28-30 |)
when the people thought it was a clap of thunder or an angel . {
My son ,
my chosen } (\
Hosea:huios mou ,
ho eklelegmenos \).
Songs:the best documents (
Aleph B L Syriac Sinaitic ).
The others make it "
My Beloved "
as in strkjv @
Mark:9:7 ;
strkjv @
Matthew:17:5 |.
These disciples are commanded to hear Jesus ,
God '
s Son ,
even when he predicts his death ,
a pointed rebuke to Simon Peter as to all .
rwp @
Luke:9:36 @{
When the voice came } (\
en toi genesthai t
n ph
n
n \).
Another example of Luke '
s idiom ,
this time with the second aorist middle infinitive .
Literally , "
on the coming as to the voice " (
accusative of general reference ).
It does not mean that it was "
after "
the voice was past that Jesus was found alone ,
but simultaneously with it (
ingressive aorist tense ). {
Alone } (\
monos \).
Same adjective in strkjv @
Mark:9:8 ;
strkjv @
Matthew:17:8 |
translated "
only ."
Should be rendered "
alone "
there also . {
They held their peace } (\
esig
san \).
Ingressive aorist active of common verb \
siga \,
became silent .
In strkjv @
Mark:9:9 ;
strkjv @
Matthew:17:9 |,
Jesus commanded them not to tell till His Resurrection from the dead .
Luke notes that they in awe obeyed that command and it turns out that they finally forgot the lesson of this night '
s great experience .
By and by they will be able to tell them ,
but not "
in those days ." {
Which they had seen } (\
h
n he
rakan \).
Attraction of the relative \
ha \
into the case of the unexpressed antecedent \
tout
n \.
Perfect active indicative \
he
rakan \
with _Koin
_
(
papyri )
form for the ancient \
he
rak
sin \
changed by analogy to the first aorist ending in \-
an \
instead of \-
asin \.