Mark:12:1-12
rwp@Mark:12:1 @{He began to speak unto them in parables} (\rxato autois en parabolais lalein\). Mark's common idiom again. He does not mean that this was the beginning of Christ's use of parables (see strkjv@4:2|), but simply that his teaching on this occasion took the parabolic turn. "The circumstances called forth the parabolic mood, that of one whose heart is chilled, and whose spirit is saddened by a sense of loneliness, and who, retiring within himself, by a process of reflection, frames for his thoughts forms which half conceal, half reveal them" (Bruce). Mark does not give the Parable of the Two Sons (Matthew:21:28-32|) nor that of the Marriage Feast of the King's Son (Matthew:22:1-14|). He gives here the Parable of the Wicked Husbandmen. Also in strkjv@Matthew:21:33-46| and strkjv@Luke:20:9-19|. See discussion in Matthew. strkjv@Matthew:21:33| calls the man "a householder" (\oikodespots\). {A pit for the winepress} (\hupolnion\). Only here in the N.T. Common in the LXX and in late Greek. Matthew had \lnon\, winepress. This is the vessel or trough under the winepress on the hillside to catch the juice when the grapes were trodden. The Romans called it _lacus_ (lake) and Wycliff _dalf_ (lake), like delved. See on Matthew for details just alike. {Husbandmen} (\gergois\). Workers in the ground, tillers of the soil (\ergon, g\).
rwp@Mark:12:2 @{At the season} (\ti kairi\). For fruits as in the end of the sentence. {A servant} (\doulon\). Bondslave. Matthew has plural. {That he might receive} (\hina labi\). Purpose clause with second aorist subjunctive. Matthew has infinitive \labein\, purpose also. {Wounded in the head} (\ekephalisan\). An old verb (\kephalai\), to bring under heads (\kephal\), to summarize. Then to hit on the head. Only here in the N.T.
rwp@Mark:12:5 @{Beating some and killing some} (\hous men derontes, hous de apoktennuntes\). This distributive use of the demonstrative appears also in strkjv@Matthew:21:35| in the singular (\hon men, hon de, hon de\). Originally \der\ in Homer meant to skin, flay, then to smite, to beat. \Apoktennuntes\ is a \mi\ form of the verb (\apoktennumi\) and means to kill off.
rwp@Mark:12:6 @{A beloved son} (\huion agapton\). strkjv@Luke:20:13| has \ton huion ton agapton\. Jesus evidently has in mind the language of the Father to him at his baptism (Mark:1:11; strkjv@Matthew:3:17; strkjv@Luke:3:22|). {Last} (\eschaton\). Only in Mark. See on ¯Matthew:21:37| for discussion of "reverence."
rwp@Mark:12:7 @{Among themselves} (\pros heautous\). This phrase alone in Mark. strkjv@Luke:20:14| has "with one another" (\pros alllous\), reciprocal instead of reflexive, pronoun.
rwp@Mark:12:8 @{Killed him and cast him forth} (\apekteinan auton, kai exebalon auton\). Matthew and Luke reverse the order, cast forth and killed.
rwp@Mark:12:10 @{This scripture} (\tn graphn tautn\). This passage of scripture (Luke:4:21; strkjv@John:19:37; strkjv@Acts:1:16|). It is a quotation from strkjv@Psalms:118:22f|. See on ¯Matthew:21:42| for discussion.
rwp@Mark:12:11 @{This} (\haut\). Feminine in LXX may refer to {kephal} (head) or may be due to the Hebrew original {zth} (this thing) which would be neuter \touto\ in a Greek original, a translation Hebraism.
rwp@Mark:12:12 @{Against them} (\pros autous\). Songs:Luke. It was a straight shot, this parable of the Rejected Stone (12:10f.|) and the longer one of the Wicked Husbandmen. There was no mistaking the application, for he had specifically explained the application (Matthew:21:43-45|). The Sanhedrin were so angry that they actually started or sought to seize him, but fear of the populace now more enthusiastic for Jesus than ever held them back. They went off in disgust, but they had to listen to the Parable of the King's Son before going (Matthew:22:1-14|).
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