Matthew:22:15-22
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rwp @
Matthew:22:15 @{
Went } (\
poreuthentes \).
So-called deponent passive and redundant use of the verb as in strkjv @
9:13 |: "
Go and learn ." {
Took counsel } (\
sumboulion elabon \).
Like the Latin _consilium
capere_
as in strkjv @
12:14 |. {
Ensnare in his talk } (\
pagideus
sin en log
i \).
From \
pagis \,
a snare or trap .
Here only in the N .
T .
In the LXX (
1Kings:28:9 ;
strkjv @
Ecclesiastes:9:12 |;
Test .
of Twelve Patriarchs ,
_Joseph_
strkjv @
7:1 ).
Vivid picture of the effort to trip Jesus in his speech like a bird or wild beast .
rwp @
Matthew:22:16 @{
Their disciples } (\
tous math
tas aut
n \).
Students ,
pupils ,
of the Pharisees as in strkjv @
Mark:2:18 |.
There were two Pharisaic theological seminaries in Jerusalem (
Hillel ,
Shammai ). {
The Herodians } (\
t
n Her
idian
n \).
Not members of Herod '
s family or Herod '
s soldiers ,
but partisans or followers of Herod .
The form in \-
ianos \
is a Latin termination like that in \
Christianos \ (
Acts:11:26 |).
Mentioned also in strkjv @
Mark:3:6 |
combining with the Pharisees against Jesus . {
The person of men } (\
pros
pon anthr
p
n \).
Literally ,
face of men .
Paying regard to appearance is the sin of partiality condemned by James (
James:2:1 ,
9 |)
when \
pros
pol
mpsia ,
pros
pol
mptein \
are used ,
in imitation of the Hebrew idiom .
This suave flattery to Jesus implied "
that Jesus was a reckless simpleton " (
Bruce ).
rwp @
Matthew:22:19 @{
Tribute money } (\
to nomisma tou k
nsou \). \
K
nsos \,
Latin _census_
,
was a capitation tax or head-money ,
_tributum
capitis_
,
for which silver denaria were struck ,
with the figure of Caesar and a superscription ,
e .
g . "
Tiberiou Kaisaros " (
McNeile ). \
Nomisma \
is the Latin _numisma_
and occurs here only in the N .
T .,
is common in the old Greek ,
from \
nomiz \
sanctioned by law or custom .
rwp @
Matthew:22:20 @{
This image and superscription } (\
h
eik
n haut
kai h
epigraph \).
Probably a Roman coin because of the image (
picture )
on it .
The earlier Herods avoided this practice because of Jewish prejudice ,
but the Tetrarch Philip introduced it on Jewish coins and he was followed by Herod Agrippa I .
This coin was pretty certainly stamped in Rome with the image and name of Tiberius Caesar on it .
rwp @
Matthew:22:21 @{
Render } (\
apodote \). "
Give back "
to Caesar what is already Caesar '
s .
rwp @
Matthew:22:24 @{
Shall marry } (\
epigambreusei \).
The Sadducees were "
aiming at amusement rather than deadly mischief " (
Bruce ).
It was probably an old conundrum that they had used to the discomfiture of the Pharisees .
This passage is quoted from strkjv @
Deuteronomy:25:5 ,
6 |.
The word appears here only in the N .
T .
and elsewhere only in the LXX .
It is used of any connected by marriage as in strkjv @
Genesis:34:9 ;
strkjv @
1Samuel:18:22 |.
But in strkjv @
Genesis:38:8 |
and strkjv @
Deuteronomy:25:5 |
it is used specifically of one marrying his brother '
s widow .
rwp @
Matthew:22:33 @{
They were astonished } (\
exepl
ssonto \).
Descriptive imperfect passive showing the continued amazement of the crowds .
They were struck out (
literally ).
rwp @
Matthew:22:34 @{
He had put the Sadducees to silence } (\
ephim
sen tous Saddoukaious \).
Muzzled the Sadducees .
The Pharisees could not restrain their glee though they were joining with the Sadducees in trying to entrap Jesus . {
Gathered themselves together } (\
sun
chth
san epi to auto \).
First aorist passive ,
were gathered together . \
Epi to auto \
explains more fully \
sun -\.
See also strkjv @
Acts:2:47 |. "
Mustered their forces " (
Moffatt ).
rwp @
Matthew:22:36 @{
The great commandment in the law } (\
entol
megal
en t
i nom
i \).
The positive adjective is sometimes as high in rank as the superlative .
See \
megas \
in strkjv @
Matthew:5:19 |
in contrast with \
elachistos \.
The superlative \
megistos \
occurs in the N .
T .
only in strkjv @
2Peter:1:4 |.
Possibly this scribe wishes to know which commandment stood first (
Mark:12:28 |)
with Jesus . "
The scribes declared that there were 248 affirmative precepts ,
as many as the members of the human body ;
and 365 negative precepts ,
as many as the days in the year ,
the total being 613 ,
the number of letters in the Decalogue " (
Vincent ).
But Jesus cuts through such pettifogging hair-splitting to the heart of the problem .
rwp @
Matthew:22:42 @{
The Christ } (\
tou Christou \).
The Messiah ,
of course ,
not Christ as a proper name of Jesus .
Jesus here assumes that strkjv @
Psalms:110 |
refers to the Messiah .
By his pungent question about the Messiah as David '
s son and Lord he really touches the problem of his Person (
his Deity and his Humanity ).
Probably the Pharisees had never faced that problem before .
They were unable to answer .