1Corinthians:14

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rwp @1Corinthians:14:1 @{Follow after love } (\di “kete t ˆn agap ˆn \). As if a veritable chase . Paul comes back to the idea in strkjv @12:31 | (same use of \z ˆloute \) and proves the superiority of prophecy to the other spiritual gifts not counting faith , hope , love of strkjv @13:13 |. {But rather that ye may prophesy } (\mallon de hina proph ˆteu ˆte \). Distinct aim in view as in verse 5 |. Old verb from \proph ˆt ˆs \, common in N .T . Present subjunctive , "that ye may keep on prophesying ." rwp @1Corinthians:14:2 @{For no man understandeth } (\oudeis gar akouei \). Literally , hears , gets the sense , understands . Verb \akou “\ used either of hearing the sound only or getting the idea (cf . strkjv @Acts:9:7 ; strkjv @22:9 |). {Mysteries } (\must ˆria \). Unexplained mysteries (1Corinthians:2:7 |). rwp @1Corinthians:14:3 @{Edification } (\oikodom ˆn \). Building up . {Comfort } (\parakl ˆsin \). Encouragement , calling to one 's side . {Consolation } (\paramuthian \). Old word (from \para , muthos , paramutheomai \ strkjv @1Thessalonians:2:12 | which see , a stimulating word ), nowhere else in N .T ., but \paramuthion \ in strkjv @Phillipians:2:1 | with \parakl ˆsis \ as here . Edification , cheer , incentive in these words . rwp @1Corinthians:14:4 @{The church } (\ekkl ˆsian \). No article , literally , "a church " (local use ). Not \h ˆ ekkl ˆsia \. rwp @1Corinthians:14:5 @{Except he interpret } (\ektos ei m ˆ dierm ˆneu ˆi \). Pleonastic combination of \ektos \ (preposition except ) and \ei m ˆ\ (if not , unless ) as in strkjv @15:2 ; strkjv @1Timothy:5:19 |. For use of \ei \ with subjunctive rather than \ean \ see strkjv @Phillipians:3:12 | (common enough in the _Koin ‚ _ , Robertson , _Grammar_ , pp . 1017f ., condition of third class ). On the verb see on ¯12:30 ; strkjv @Luke:24:27 ; strkjv @Acts:9:36 |. {Receive } (\lab ˆi \). Second aorist (ingressive ) active subjunctive of \lamban “\, may get edification . rwp @1Corinthians:14:6 @{If I come } (\ean elth “\). Third class condition , supposable case (aorist subjunctive ). {What shall I profit you } (\ti humas “phel ˆs “\). Two accusatives with this verb (see strkjv @13:3 |). {Unless I speak } (\ean m ˆ lal ˆs “\). Second condition (also third class ) with the one conclusion (cf . strkjv @1Timothy:2:5 |). rwp @1Corinthians:14:7 @{Things without life } (\apsucha \). Without a soul (\a \ privative , \psuch ˆ\) or life . Old word only here in N .T . {Pipe } (\aulos \). Old word (from \a “, au “\, to blow ), only here in N .T . {Harp } (\kithara \). Old word . Stringed instrument as pipe , a wind instrument . {If they give not a distinction in the sounds } (\ean diastol ˆn tois phthoggois m ˆ d “i \). Third class condition with second aorist active subjunctive \d “i \ from \did “mi \. Common word in late Greek for difference (\diastell “\, to send apart ). In N .T . only here and strkjv @Romans:3:22 ; strkjv @10:12 |. \Phthoggos \ old word (from \phtheggomai \) for musical sounds vocal or instrumental . In N .T . only here and strkjv @Romans:10:18 |. rwp @1Corinthians:14:8 @{An uncertain voice } (\ad ˆlon ph “n ˆn \). Old adjective (\a \ privative , \d ˆlos \, manifest ). In N .T . only here and strkjv @Luke:11:44 |. Military trumpet (\salpigx \) is louder than pipe or harp . {Shall prepare himself } (\paraskeuasetai \). Direct middle future indicative of \paraskeuaz “\, old verb , in N .T . only here , strkjv @2Corinthians:9:2ff .; strkjv @Acts:10:10 |. From \para , skeu ˆ\ (preparation ). rwp @1Corinthians:14:9 @{Unless ye utter speech easy to be understood } (\ean m ˆ eus ˆmon logon d “te \). Condition of third class again (\ean \ and aorist subjunctive ). \Eus ˆmon \ (\eu \, well , \s ˆma \, sign ) is old word , here only in N .T ., well-marked , distinct , clear . Good enunciation , a hint for speakers . {Ye will be speaking into the air } (\esesthe eis aera lalountes \). Periphrastic future indicative (linear action ). Cf . \aera der “n \ (beating the air ) in strkjv @9:26 |. Cf . our talking to the wind . This was before the days of radio . rwp @1Corinthians:14:10 @{It may be } (\ei tuchoi \). Condition of fourth class (\ei \ and aorist optative of \tugchan “\), if it should happen . Common enough idiom . Cf . \tuchon \ in strkjv @16:6 |. {Without signification } (\aph “non \). Old adjective (\a \ privative and \ph “n ˆ\). Without the faculty of speech (12:2 ; strkjv @Acts:8:32 ; strkjv @2Peter:2:16 |). rwp @1Corinthians:14:11 @{The meaning of the voice } (\t ˆn dunamin t ˆs ph “n ˆs \). The power (force ) of the voice . {A barbarian } (\barbaros \). Jargon , \bar-bar \. The Egyptians called all \barbarous \ who did not speak their tongue . The Greeks followed suit for all ignorant of Greek language and culture . They divided mankind into Hellenes and Barbarians . {Unto me } (\en emoi \). In my case , almost like a dative . rwp @1Corinthians:14:12 @{Zealous of spiritual gifts } (\z ˆl “tai pneumat “n \). Zealots for spirits . Songs:it looked . {That ye may abound } (\hina perisseu ˆte \). Purpose clause with the object by prolepsis stated beforehand "for the edification of the church ." rwp @1Corinthians:14:13 @{Let him pray that he may interpret } (\proseuchesth “ hina dierm ˆneu ˆi \). Else he had better cease talking in a tongue . rwp @1Corinthians:14:14 @{But my understanding is unfruitful } (\ho de nous mou akarpos \). My intellect (\nous \) gets no benefit (\akarpos \, without fruit ) from rhapsodical praying that may even move my spirit (\pneuma \). rwp @1Corinthians:14:15 @{With the understanding also } (\kai t “i no ‹\). Instrumental case of \nous \. Paul is distinctly in favour of the use of the intellect in prayer . Prayer is an intelligent exercise of the mind . {And I will sing with the understanding also } (\psal “ de kai t “i no ‹\). There was ecstatic singing like the rhapsody of some prayers without intelligent words . But Paul prefers singing that reaches the intellect as well as stirs the emotions . Solos that people do not understand lose more than half their value in church worship . \Psall “\ originally meant to play on strings , then to sing with an accompaniment (Ephesians:5:19 |), and here apparently to sing without regard to an instrument . rwp @1Corinthians:14:16 @{Else if thou bless with the spirit } (\epei ean eulog ˆis en pneumati \). Third class condition . He means that , if one is praying and praising God (10:16 |) in an ecstatic prayer , the one who does not understand the ecstasy will be at a loss when to say "amen " at the close of the prayer . In the synagogues the Jews used responsive amens at the close of prayers (Nehemiah:5:13 ; strkjv @8:6 ; strkjv @1Chronicles:16:36 ; strkjv @Psalms:106:48 |). {He that filleth the place of the unlearned } (\ho anapl ˆr “n ton topon tou idi “tou \). Not a special part of the room , but the position of the \idi “tou \ (from \idios \, one 's own ), common from Herodotus for private person (Acts:4:13 |), unskilled (2Corinthians:11:6 |), uninitiated (unlearned ) in the gift of tongues as here and verses 23f |. {At thy giving of thanks } (\epi t ˆi s ˆi eucharisti ƒi \). Just the prayer , not the Eucharist or the Lord 's Supper , as is plain from verse 17 |. rwp @1Corinthians:14:18 @{More than you all } (\pant “n hum “n mallon \). Ablative case after \mallon \. Astonishing claim by Paul that doubtless had a fine effect . rwp @1Corinthians:14:19 @{Howbeit in church } (\alla en ekkl ˆsi ƒi \). Private ecstasy is one thing (cf . strkjv @2Corinthians:12:1-9 |) but not in church worship . {That I may instruct } (\hina kat ˆch ˆs “\). Final clause with \hina \. For the rare verb \kat ˆche “\ see on ¯Luke:1:4 ; strkjv @Acts:18:25 |. rwp @1Corinthians:14:20 @{Be not children in mind } (\m ˆ paidia ginesthe tais phresin \). "Cease becoming children in your intellects ," as some of them evidently were . Cf . strkjv @Hebrews:5:11-14 | for a like complaint of intellectual dulness for being old babies . {In malice be ye babes } (\t ˆi kaki ƒi n ˆpiazete \). {Be men } (\teleioi ginesthe \). Keep on becoming adults in your minds . A noble and a needed command , pertinent today . rwp @1Corinthians:14:21 @{In the law it is written } (\en t “i nom “i gegraptai \). strkjv @Isaiah:28:11f |. Freely quoted . rwp @1Corinthians:14:22 @{For a sign } (\eis s ˆmeion \). Like the Hebrew and occasional _Koin ‚ _ idiom also . rwp @1Corinthians:14:23 @{Will they not say that ye are mad ?} (\ouk erousin hoti mainesthe ?\). These unbelievers unacquainted (\idi “tai \) with Christianity will say that the Christians are raving mad (see on ¯Acts:12:15 ; strkjv @26:24 |). They will seem like a congregation of lunatics . rwp @1Corinthians:14:24 @{He is reproved by all } (\elegchetai hupo pant “n \). Old word for strong proof , is undergoing conviction . {Is judged } (\anakrinetai \). Is tested . Cf . strkjv @1Corinthians:2:15 ; strkjv @4:3f |. rwp @1Corinthians:14:25 @{That God is among you indeed } (\hoti ont “s en humin estin \). Recitative \hoti \ and direct quotation from strkjv @Isaiah:45:15 | (Hebrew rather than the LXX ). "Really (\ont “s \ strkjv @Luke:24:34 |) God is in you ." rwp @1Corinthians:14:26 @{When ye come together } (\hotan sunerch ˆsthe \). Present middle subjunctive , repetition , whenever ye come together , in contrast with special case (\ean sunelth ˆi \, second aorist subjunctive ) in verse 23 |. rwp @1Corinthians:14:27 @{By two } (\kata duo \). According to two , ratio . {Or at most } (\ˆ to pleiston \). Adverbial accusative , "or at the most ." {Three } (\treis \). \Kata \ to be repeated . {And that in turn } (\kai ana meros \). One at a time and not over three in all . rwp @1Corinthians:14:28 @{But if there be no interpreter } (\ean de m ˆ ˆi dierm ˆneut ˆs \). Third class condition . Earliest known instance and possibly made by Paul from verb in verse 27 |. Reappears in Byzantine grammarians . {Keep silence in church } (\sigat “ en ekkl ˆsi ƒi \). Linear action (present active imperative ). He is not even to speak in a tongue once . He can indulge his private ecstasy with God . rwp @1Corinthians:14:29 @{By two or three } (\duo ˆ treis \). No \kata \ here as in verse 27 |. Let two or three prophets speak . {Let the others discern } (\hoi alloi diakrinet “san \). Whether what is said is really of the Spirit . Cf . strkjv @12:10 | \diakriseis pneumat “n \. rwp @1Corinthians:14:30 @{Let the first keep silence } (\ho pr “tos sigat “\). To give the next one a chance . rwp @1Corinthians:14:31 @{One by one } (\kath ' ena \). Regular idiom . rwp @1Corinthians:14:32 @{The spirits of the prophets are subject to the prophets } (\pneumata proph ˆt “n proph ˆtais hupotassetai \). A principle that some had forgotten . rwp @1Corinthians:14:33 @{Not of confusion } (\ou--katastasias \). God is not a God of disorder , but of peace . We need this reminder today . {As in all the churches of the saints } (\h “s en pasais tais ekkl ˆsiais t “n hagi “n \). Orderly reverence is a mark of the churches . This is a proper conclusion of his argument as in strkjv @11:16 |. rwp @1Corinthians:14:34 @{Keep silence in the churches } (\en tais ekkl ˆsiais sigat “san \). The same verb used about the disorders caused by speakers in tongues (verse 28 |) and prophets (30 |). For some reason some of the women were creating disturbance in the public worship by their dress (11:2-16 |) and now by their speech . There is no doubt at all as to Paul 's meaning here . In church the women are not allowed to speak (\lalein \) nor even to ask questions . They are to do that {at home } (\en oik “i \). He calls it a shame (\aischron \) as in strkjv @11:6 | (cf . strkjv @Ephesians:5:12 ; strkjv @Titus:1:11 |). Certainly women are still in subjection (\hupotassesth “san \) to their husbands (or ought to be ). But somehow modern Christians have concluded that Paul 's commands on this subject , even strkjv @1Timothy:2:12 |, were meant for specific conditions that do not apply wholly now . Women do most of the teaching in our Sunday schools today . It is not easy to draw the line . The daughters of Philip were prophetesses . It seems clear that we need to be patient with each other as we try to understand Paul 's real meaning here . rwp @1Corinthians:14:37 @{The commandment of the Lord } (\Kuriou entol ˆ\). The prophet or the one with the gift of tongues or the disturbing woman would be quick to resent the sharp words of Paul . He claims inspiration for his position . rwp @1Corinthians:14:40 @{Decently and in order } (\eusch ˆmon “s kai kata taxin \). That is surely a good rule for all matters of church life and worship . It applies also to the function of women in church service .

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