rwp - Ephesians:1:20-23

rwp@Ephesians:1:20 @{Which he wrought} (\enrgken\). Reading of A B rather than aorist \enrgsen\. Perfect active indicative, "which he has wrought." \Hn\ is cognate accusative of the relative referring to \energeian\ (energy) with \enrgken\ and note also \kratous\ (strength) and \ischuos\ (might), three words trying to express what surpasses (\huperballon\) expression or comprehension. {Made him to sit} (\kathisas\). First aorist active participle of \kathiz\ in causative sense as in strkjv@1Corinthians:6:4|. Metaphorical local expression like \dexii\ and \en tois epour aniois\.

rwp@Ephesians:1:21 @{Far above all rule} (\huperan pass archs\). Late compound adverbial preposition (\huper, an\) with the ablative case. In N.T. only here and strkjv@Hebrews:9:5|. As in strkjv@Colossians:1:16|, so here Paul claims primacy for Jesus Christ above all angels, aeons, what not. These titles all were used in the Gnostic speculations with a graduated angelic hierarchy. {World} (\aini\). "Age." See this identical expression in strkjv@Matthew:12:32| for the present time (Gal strkjv@1:4; strkjv@1Timothy:6:17|) and the future life (Ephesians:2:7; strkjv@Luke:20:35|). Both combined in strkjv@Mark:10:30; strkjv@Luke:18:30|.

rwp@Ephesians:1:22 @{He put all things in subjection} (\panta hupetaxen\). First aorist active indicative of \hupotass\, quoted from strkjv@Psalms:8:7| as in strkjv@1Corinthians:15:27|. {Gave him to be head} (\auton edken kephaln\). {Gave} (\edken\, first aorist active indicative of \didmi\) to the church (the universal spiritual church or kingdom as in strkjv@Colossians:1:18,24|) Christ as Head (\kephaln\, predicate accusative). This conception of \ekklsia\ runs all through Ephesians (3:10,21; strkjv@5:23,24,25,27,29,32|).

rwp@Ephesians:1:23 @{Which} (\htis\). "Which in fact is," explanatory use of \htis\ rather than \h\. {The fulness of him that filleth all in all} (\to plrma tou ta panta en psin plroumenou\). This is probably the correct translation of a much disputed phrase. This view takes \plrma\ in the passive sense (that which is filled, as is usual, strkjv@Colossians:1:19|) and \plroumenou\ as present middle participle, not passive. All things are summed up in Christ (1:10|), who is the \plrma\ of God (Colossians:1:19|), and in particular does Christ fill the church universal as his body. Hence we see in Ephesians the Dignity of the Body of Christ which is ultimately to be filled with the fulness (\plrma\) of God (3:19|) when it grows up into the fulness (\plrma\) of Christ (4:13,16|).