James:1:13-15

---

Seeker Overlay ON

rwp @James:1:13 @{Let no one say } (\m ˆdeis leget “\). Present active imperative , prohibiting such a habit . {When he is tempted } (\peirazomenos \). Present passive participle of \peiraz “\, here in evil sense of tempt , not test , as in strkjv @Matthew:4:1 |. Verses 12-18 | give a vivid picture of temptation . {I am tempted of God } (\apo theou peirazomai \). The use of \apo \ shows origin (\apo \ with ablative case ), not agency (\hupo \), as in strkjv @Mark:1:13 |, of Satan . It is contemptible , but I have heard wicked and weak men blame God for their sins . Cf . strkjv @Proverbs:19:3 |; Sirach strkjv @15:11f . Temptation does not spring "from God ." {Cannot be tempted with evil } (\apeirastos kak “n \). Verbal compound adjective (alpha privative and \peiraz “\), probably with the ablative case , as is common with alpha privative (Robertson , _Grammar_ , p . 516 ), though Moulton ( _Prolegomena_ , p . 74 ) treats it as the genitive of definition . The ancient Greek has \apeiratos \ (from \peira “\), but this is the earliest example of \apeirastos \ (from \peiraz “\) made on the same model . Only here in the N .T . Hort notes \apeiratos kak “n \ as a proverb (Diodorus , Plutarch , Josephus ) "free from evils ." That is possible here , but the context calls for "untemptable " rather than "untempted ." {And he himself tempteth no man } (\peirazei de autos oudena \). Because "untemptable ." rwp @James:1:14 @{When he is drawn away by his own lust } (\hupo t ˆs idias epithumias exelkomenos \). \Epithumia \ is old word for craving (from \epithume “\, to have a desire for ) either good (Phillipians:1:23 |) or evil (Romans:7:7 |) as here . Like a fish drawn out from his retreat . {Enticed } (\deleazomenos \). Present passive participle of \deleaz “\, old verb from \delear \ (bait ), to catch fish by bait or to hunt with snares and Philo has \huph ' h ˆdon ˆs deleazetai \ (is enticed by pleasure ). In N .T . only here and strkjv @2Peter:2:14 ,18 |. Allured by definite bait . rwp @James:1:15 @{Then } (\eita \). The next step . {The lust } (\h ˆ epithumia \). Note article , the lust (verse 14 |) which one has . {When it hath conceived } (\sullabousa \). Second aorist active participle of \sullamban “\, old word to grasp together , in hostile sense (Acts:26:21 |), in friendly sense of help (Phillipians:4:3 |), in technical sense of a woman taking a man 's seed in conception (Luke:1:24 |), here also of lust (as a woman ), "having conceived ." The will yields to lust and conception takes place . {Beareth sin } (\tiktei hamartian \). Present active indicative of \tikt “\ to bring forth as a mother or fruit from seed , old verb , often in N .T ., here only in James . Sin is the union of the will with lust . See strkjv @Psalms:7:14 | for this same metaphor . {The sin } (\h ˆ hamartia \). The article refers to \hamartia \ just mentioned . {When it is full-grown } (\apotelestheisa \). First aorist passive participle of \apotele “\, old compound verb with perfective use of \apo \, in N .T . only here and strkjv @Luke:13:32 |. It does not mean "full-grown " like \teleio “\, but rather completeness of parts or functions as opposed to rudimentary state (Hort ) like the winged insect in contrast with the chrysalis or grub (Plato ). The sin at birth is fully equipped for its career (Romans:6:6 ; strkjv @Colossians:3:5 |). {Bringeth forth death } (\apokuei thanaton \). Late compound (\kue “\ to be pregnant , perfective use of \apo \) to give birth to , of animals and women , for normal birth (papyrus example ) and abnormal birth (Hort ). A medical word (Ropes ) rather than a literary one like \tikt “\. The child of lust is sin , of sin is death , powerful figure of abortion . The child is dead at birth . For death as the fruit of sin see strkjv @Romans:6:21-23 ; strkjv @8:6 |. "The birth of death follows of necessity when one sin is fully formed " (Hort ).

---