John:16:17-33

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rwp @John:16:17 @{Some of the disciples } (\ek t “n math ˆt “n autou \). Ellipsis of time (some ) before \ek \ as in strkjv @7:40 |. Jesus seemed to contradict himself , for the disciples took both verbs in the same sense and were still puzzled over the going to the Father of strkjv @14:3 |. But they talk to one another , not to Jesus . rwp @John:16:18 @{We know not what he saith } (\ouk oidamen ti lalei \). The questions to Jesus cease and the disciples frankly confess to each other their own ignorance . rwp @John:16:19 @{Jesus perceived } (\egn “ I ˆsous \). Second aorist active indicative of \gin “sk “\. {That they were desirous to ask him } (\hoti ˆthelon auton er “t ƒin \). Imperfect active tense of \thel “\ in indirect discourse instead of the retention of the present \thelousin \ (the usual idiom ), just like our English . Their embarrassment was manifest after four inquiries already (Peter , Thomas , Philip , Judas ). Songs:Jesus takes the initiative . rwp @John:16:20 @{Ye shall weep and lament } (\klausete kai thr ˆn ˆsete \). Future active of \klai “\ and \thr ˆne “\, both old words (for \klai “\ see strkjv @John:11:31 |, for \thr ˆne “\ see strkjv @Matthew:11:17 |), both words used of the loud lamentations so common in the east . {Shall rejoice } (\char ˆsetai \). Second future passive of \chair “\ in violent contrast . Picture the women on the way to the Cross (Luke:23:27 |, \ekoptonto kai ethr ˆnoun \, two descriptive imperfects ) and Mary Magdalene by the tomb (John:20:11 |, \klaiousa \). {Ye shall be sorrowful } (\lup ˆth ˆsesthe \). First future passive of \lupe “\, word for inward grief . See the change from sorrow to joy in strkjv @20:14-16 | when "they disbelieved for joy " (Luke:24:41 |). Songs:violent was the reaction on the sudden appearance of Jesus . rwp @John:16:21 @{A woman } (\h ˆ gun ˆ\). "The woman ," any woman . {When she is in travail } (\hotan tikt ˆi \). Indefinite temporal clause , "whenever she is about to bear (or give birth )," \hotan \ and present active subjunctive of \tikt “\, common O .T . image for pain . {Her hour is come } (\ˆlthen h ˆ h “ra aut ˆs \). Second aorist active indicative , timeless aorist , "her hour " for giving birth which she knows is like a living death . {But when she is delivered of the child } (\hotan de genn ˆs ˆi to paidion \). Indefinite temporal clause with \hotan \ and first aorist active subjunctive of \genna “\. "But whenever she bears the child ." {The anguish } (\t ˆs thlipse “s \). Genitive case after \mn ˆmoneuei \ of \thlipsis \, usual word for tribulation (Matthew:13:21 |). {Is born } (\egenn ˆth ˆ\). First aorist (effective ) passive indicative of \genna “\. rwp @John:16:22 @{And ye therefore now } (\kai humeis oun nun \). See strkjv @8:38 | for like emphasis on {ye } (\humeis \). The "sorrow " (\lup ˆn \) is like that of the mother in childbirth (real , but fleeting , with permanent joy following ). The metaphor points , of course , to the resurrection of Jesus which did change the grief of the disciples to gladness , once they are convinced that Jesus has risen from the dead . {But I will see you again } (\palin de opsomai humas \). Future middle of \hora “\, to see . In verses 16 ,19 | Jesus had said "ye shall see me " (\opsesthe me \), but here we have one more blessed promise , "I shall see you ," showing "that we are the objects of God 's regard " (Westcott ). {Shall rejoice } (\char ˆsetai \). Second future passive of \chair “\. {Taketh away } (\airei \). Present active indicative , futuristic present , but B D have \arei \ the future active (shall take away ). This joy is a permanent possession . rwp @John:16:23 @{Ye shall ask me nothing } (\eme ouk er “t ˆsete \). Either in the sense of question (original meaning of \er “ta “\) as in verses 19 ,30 | since he will be gone or in the sense of request or favours (like \aite “\ in this verse ) as in strkjv @14:16 ; strkjv @Acts:3:2 |. In verse 26 | both \aite “\ and \er “ta “\ occur in this sense . Either view makes sense here . {If ye shall ask } (\an ti ait ˆs ˆte \). Third-class condition , \an \ like \ean \ with first aorist active subjunctive of \aite “\. Note ¯14:26 | for "in my name ." rwp @John:16:24 @{Hitherto } (\he “s arti \). Up till now the disciples had not used Christ 's name in prayer to the Father , but after the resurrection of Jesus they are to do so , a distinct plea for parity with the Father and for worship like the Father . {May be fulfilled } (\ˆi pepl ˆr “men ˆ\). Periphrastic perfect passive subjunctive of \pl ˆro “\ in a purpose clause with \hina \. See strkjv @15:11 | for some verb (first aorist passive subjunctive with \hina \) and strkjv @1John:1:4 | for same form as here , emphasizing the abiding permanence of the joy . rwp @John:16:25 @{In proverbs } (\en paroimiais \). See on ¯10:6 | for this word . {Shall tell } (\apaggel “\). Future active of \apaggell “\, to report , correct text and not \anaggel “\ (verses 13 ,14 ,15 |), as in strkjv @1John:1:2f |. {Plainly } (\parr ˆsi ƒi \). See on ¯7:13 | for this word . rwp @John:16:26 @{I say not } (\ou leg “\). "I speak not ." Christ did pray for the disciples before his death (John:14:16 ; strkjv @17:9 ,15 ,24 |) and he prays also for sinners (Luke:23:34 ; strkjv @1John:2:1 |). Here it is the special love of God for disciples of Jesus (John:14:21 ,23 ; strkjv @17:23 ; strkjv @1John:4:19 |). Note \aite “\ and \er “ta “\ used in practically the same sense as in verse 23 |. rwp @John:16:27 @{Loveth } (\philei \). Present active indicative of \phile “\, the word for warm and friendly love , here used of God 's love for the disciples , while in strkjv @3:16 | \agapa “\ occurs of God 's love for the world . {Ye have loved me } (\pephil ˆkate \). Perfect active indicative of \phile “\, "loved and still love me warmly ." {And have believed } (\pepisteukate \). Perfect active indicative again . Recall the exhortation in strkjv @14:1 |. rwp @John:16:28 @{I came out from the Father } (\ex ˆlthon ek tou patros \). Definite act (aorist ), the Incarnation , with repetition of \ek \ (out of ), while in verse 27 | we have \para tou patros ex ˆlthon \) with no practical distinction between \ek \ and \para \ in resultant idea . {Amos:come } (\el ˆlutha \). Perfect active indicative of \erchomai \, as in strkjv @18:37 |. The Incarnation is now a permanent fact , once only a blessed hope (11:27 |). His leaving the world and going to the Father does not set aside the fact of the Incarnation . Both \aphi ˆmi \ (I leave ) and \poreuomai \ (I go ) are futuristic present indicatives . rwp @John:16:29 @{No proverb } (\paroimian oudemian \). No wayside saying , no dark saying . See strkjv @10:6 ; strkjv @16:25 |. rwp @John:16:30 @{Now know we } (\nun oidamen \). They had failed to understand the plain words of Jesus about going to the Father heretofore (16:5 |), but Jesus read their very thoughts (16:19f .|) and this fact seemed to open their minds to grasp his idea . {Should ask } (\er “t ƒi \). Present active subjunctive with \hina \ in original sense of asking a question . {By this } (\en tout “i \). In Christ 's supernatural insight into their very hearts . {From God } (\apo theou \). Compare \para tou patros \ (verse 27 |) and \ek tou patros \ (verse 28 |), \apo , ek , para \ all with the ablative of source or origin . rwp @John:16:31 @{Do ye now believe ?} (\arti pisteuete ;\). For \arti \ (just now ) see strkjv @9:19 ; strkjv @13:33 ,37 |. Their belief in Christ was genuine _as far as it went_ , but perils await them of which they are ignorant . They are too self-confident as their despair at Christ 's death shows . rwp @John:16:32 @{Cometh } (\erchetai \). Futuristic present middle indicative of \erchomai \. {Yea , is come } (\kai el ˆluthen \). Explanatory use of \kai \ and the perfect active indicative as in strkjv @12:23 |. The long-looked-for hour (\h “ra \) is so close that it has virtually begun . The time for the arrest of Jesus is near . See also strkjv @17:1 |. {That } (\hina \). See verse 2 | for this same use of \hina \ (not \hote \) with \erchomai h “ra \. {Ye shall be scattered } (\skorpisth ˆte \). First aorist passive subjunctive of \skorpiz “\, used in strkjv @10:12 | of sheep scampering from the wolf . Cf . strkjv @Matthew:12:30 ; strkjv @Luke:11:33 |. {To his own } (\eis ta idia \). "To his own home " as in strkjv @1:11 ; strkjv @19:27 |. Songs:Appian VI . 23 . {Shall leave } (\aph ˆte \). Second aorist subjunctive of \aphi ˆmi \ with \hina \. {And yet } (\kai \). Clear case of \kai \ in adversative sense , not just "and ." rwp @John:16:33 @{That in me ye may have peace } (\hina en emoi eir ˆn ˆn ech ˆte \). Present active subjunctive of \ech “\, "that ye may keep on having peace in me ," even when I am put to death , peace to be found nowhere save in me (14:27 |). {Be of good cheer } (\tharseite \). Imperative active from \tharsos \, courage (Acts:28:15 |). A word for courage in the face of danger , only here in John , but see strkjv @Matthew:9:2 ,22 ; strkjv @Mark:10:49 |. {I have overcome the world } (\eg “, nenik ˆka ton kosmon \). Perfect active indicative of \nika “\, to be victorious , to conquer . Always of spiritual victory in the N .T . See strkjv @1John:5:4f |. This majestic proclamation of victory over death may be compared with \tetelestai \ ({It is finished }) in strkjv @John:19:30 | as Christ died and with Paul 's \hupernik “men \ (we are more than conquerors ) in strkjv @Romans:8:37 |.

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