John:6:1-15

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rwp @John:6:1 @{After these things } (\meta tauta \). A common , but indefinite , note of time in John (3:22 ; strkjv @5:1 ; strkjv @6:1 ; strkjv @7:1 |). The phrase does not mean immediate sequence of events . As a matter of fact , a whole year may intervene between the events of chapter 5 in Jerusalem and those in chapter 6 in Galilee . There is no sufficient reason for believing that chapter 6 originally preceded chapter 5 . The feeding of the five thousand is the only event before the last visit to Jerusalem recorded in all Four Gospels (Mark:6:30-44 ; strkjv @Matthew:14:13-21 ; strkjv @Luke:9:10-17 ; strkjv @John:6:1-13 |). The disciples have returned from the tour of Galilee and report to Jesus . It was the passover time (John:6:4 |) just a year before the end . {To the other side of the Sea of Galilee } (\peran t ˆs thalass ˆs t ˆs Galilaias \). The name given in Mark and Matthew . It is called Gennesaret in strkjv @Luke:5:1 | and "Sea of Tiberias " in strkjv @John:21:1 |. Here "of Tiberias " (\t ˆs Tiberiados \) is added as further description . Herod Antipas A .D . 22 built Tiberias to the west of the Sea of Galilee and made it his capital . See verse 23 | for this city . Luke (Luke:9:10 |) explains that it was the eastern Bethsaida (Julias ) to which Jesus took the disciples , not the western Bethsaida of strkjv @Mark:6:45 | in Galilee . rwp @John:6:2 @{Followed } (\ˆkolouthei \). Descriptive imperfect active , picturing the crowd , but without the details of the boat for Christ and the rapid race of the crowd on foot (Mark:6:32f .; strkjv @Matthew:14:13f .|). {They beheld } (\ethe “roun \). Imperfect active of \the “re “\. They had been beholding the signs which Jesus had been doing (\epoiei \, imperfect again ) for a long time (2:23 |), most of which John has not given (Mark:1:29f .; strkjv @2:1 ; strkjv @3:1 ; strkjv @6:5 |). The people were eager to hear Jesus again (Luke:9:11 |) and to get the benefit of his healing power "on them that were sick " (\epi t “n asthenount “n \, the weak or feeble , without strength , \a \ privative and \sthenos \, strength ). rwp @John:6:3 @{Into the mountain } (\eis to oros \). From the level of the Jordan valley up into the high hill on the eastern side . Mark (Mark:6:46 |) and Matthew (Matthew:14:23 |) mention that after the miracle Jesus went further up into the mountain to pray . {Sat } (\ekath ˆto \). Imperfect middle of \kath ˆmai \, was sitting , a picture of repose . rwp @John:6:4 @{The feast of the Jews } (\h ˆ heort ˆ t “n Ioudai “n \). Here used of the passover (\to pascha \) as in strkjv @7:2 | of the tabernacles . This is probably the third passover in Christ 's ministry (2:13 | and one unmentioned unless strkjv @5:1 | be it ). In strkjv @2:13 |, here , and strkjv @11:55 | (the last one ) the adverb \eggus \ (near ) is used . John is fond of notes of time . Jesus failed to go to this passover because of the hostility in Jerusalem (7:1 |). rwp @John:6:5 @{Lifting up his eyes } (\eparas tous ophthalmous \). First aorist active participle of \epair “\. See the same phrase in strkjv @4:35 | where it is also followed by \theaomai \; strkjv @11:41 ; strkjv @17:1 ; strkjv @Luke:6:20 |. Here it is particularly expressive as Jesus looked down from the mountain on the approaching multitude . {Cometh unto him } (\erchetai pros auton \). Present middle indicative , "is coming to him ." The same \ochlos polus \ (here \polus ochlos \) of verse 2 | that had followed Jesus around the head of the lake . {Whence are we to buy ?} (\Pothen agoras “men ;\). Deliberative subjunctive (aorist active ). John passes by the earlier teaching and healing of the Synoptics (Mark:6:34f .; strkjv @Matthew:14:14f .; strkjv @Luke:9:11f .|) till mid-afternoon . In John also Jesus takes up the matter of feeding the multitude with Philip (from the other Bethsaida , strkjv @1:44 |) whereas in the Synoptics the disciples raise the problem with Jesus . Songs:the disciples raise the problem in the feeding of the four thousand (Mark:8:4 ; strkjv @Matthew:15:33 |). See strkjv @Numbers:11:13-22 | (about Moses ) and strkjv @2Kings:4:42f |. (about Elisha ). {Bread } (\artous \). "Loaves " (plural ) as in strkjv @Matthew:4:3 |. {That these may eat } (\hina phag “sin houtoi \). Purpose clause with \hina \ and the second aorist active subjunctive of \esthi “\ (defective verb ). rwp @John:6:6 @{To prove him } (\peiraz “n auton \). Present active participle of \peiraz “\, testing him , not here in bad sense of tempting as so often (Matthew:4:1 |). {What he would do } (\ti ˆmellen poiein \). Indirect question with change of tense to imperfect . As in strkjv @2:25 | so here John explains why Jesus put the question to Philip . rwp @John:6:7 @{Two hundred pennyworth of bread } (\diakosi “n d ˆnari “n artoi \). "Loaves of two hundred denarii ." The Roman coin originally for ten asses (afterwards sixteen ), about 16 2 /3 cents . The denarius was the usual pay for a day 's labour (Matthew:20:2 ,9 ,13 |). This item in strkjv @Mark:6:37 |, but not in Matthew or Luke . {That every one may take a little } (\hina hekastos brachu lab ˆi \). Final clause with \hina \ and second aorist active subjunctive of \lamban “\. This detail in John alone . rwp @John:6:8 @{One of } (\heis ek \). Songs:in strkjv @12:4 |; strkjv @13:23 ; strkjv @Mark:13:1 | without \ek \. {Simon Peter 's brother } (\ho adelphos Sim “nos Petrou \). Songs:described in strkjv @1:40 |. The great distinction of Andrew was precisely this that he brought Simon to Christ . Philip and Andrew appear together again in strkjv @12:20-22 |, but in the Synoptics he is distinguished only in strkjv @Mark:13:3 |. In the Muratorian Fragment Andrew received the revelation for John to write the Fourth Gospel . rwp @John:6:9 @{A lad here } (\paidarion h “de \). Old word , diminutive of \pais \, here only in N .T ., not genuine in strkjv @Matthew:11:16 |. How he came to have this small supply we do not know . {Barley } (\krithinous \). Adjective , here and verse 13 | only in N .T ., in the papyri , from \krith ˆ\, barley (Revelation:6:6 |). Considered an inferior sort of bread . {Fishes } (\opsaria \). Late diminutive of \opson \, common in papyri and inscriptions for delicacies with bread like fish . In N .T . only here , verse 11 ; strkjv @21:9-13 |. Synoptics have \ichthuas \. rwp @John:6:10 @{Sit down } (\anapesein \). Literally , "fall back ," lie down , recline . Second aorist active infinitive of \anapipt “\. {Much grass } (\chortos polus \). Old word for pasture , green grass (Mark:6:39 |) or hay (1Corinthians:3:12 |). It was spring (John:6:4 |) and plenty of green grass on the hillside . {The men } (\hoi andres \). Word for men as distinct from women , expressly stated in strkjv @Matthew:14:21 |. {In number } (\ton arithmon \). Adverbial accusative (of general reference ). {About } (\hos \). General estimate , though they were arranged in orderly groups by hundreds and fifties , "in ranks " like "garden beds " (\prasiai \, strkjv @Mark:6:40 |). rwp @John:6:11 @{The loaves } (\tous artous \). Those of verse 9 |. {Having given thanks } (\eucharist ˆsas \). The usual grace before meals (Deuteronomy:8:10 |). The Synoptics use "blessed " \eulog ˆsen \ (Mark:6:41 ; strkjv @Matthew:14:19 ; strkjv @Luke:9:16 |). {He distributed } (\died “ken \). First aorist active indicative of \diadid “mi \, old verb to give to several (\dia \, between ). {To them that were set down } (\tois anakeimenois \). Present middle participle (dative case ) of \anakeimai \, old verb to recline like \anapesein \ in verse 10 |. {As much as they would } (\hoson ˆthelon \). Imperfect active of \thel “\, "as much as they wished ." rwp @John:6:12 @{And when they were filled } (\h “s de enepl ˆsth ˆsan \). First aorist (effective ) passive indicative of \empimpl ˆmi \, old verb to fill in , to fill up , to fill completely . They were all satisfied . The Synoptics have \echortasth ˆsan \ like strkjv @John:6:26 | (\echortasth ˆte \). {Gather up } (\sunagagete \). Second aorist active imperative of \sunag “\, to gather together . {Broken pieces } (\klasmata \). From \kla “\, to break . Not crumbs or scraps on the ground , but pieces broken by Jesus (Mark:6:41 |) and not consumed . {Be lost } (\apol ˆtai \). Second aorist middle subjunctive of \apollumi \ with \hina \ in purpose clause . Only in John . There was to be no wastefulness in Christ 's munificence . The Jews had a custom of leaving something for those that served . rwp @John:6:13 @{Twelve baskets } (\d “deka kophinous \). One for each of the apostles . What about the lad ? Stout wicker baskets (coffins , Wycliff ) in distinction from the soft and frail \sphurides \ used at the feeding of the four thousand (Mark:8:8 ; strkjv @Matthew:15:37 |). Here all the Gospels (Mark:6:43 ; strkjv @Matthew:14:20 ; strkjv @Luke:9:17 ; strkjv @John:6:13 |) use \kophinoi \. The same distinction between \kophinoi \ and \sphurides \ is preserved in the allusion to the incidents by Jesus in strkjv @Mark:8:19 ,20 ; strkjv @Matthew:16:9 ,10 |. {Unto them that had eaten } (\tois bebr “kosin \). Articular perfect active participle (dative case ) of \bibr “sk “\, old verb to eat , only here in N .T ., though often in LXX . rwp @John:6:14 @{Saw the sign which he did } (\idontes ha epoi ˆsen s ˆmeia \). "Signs " oldest MSS . have . This sign added to those already wrought (verse 2 |). Cf . strkjv @2:23 ; strkjv @3:2 |. {They said } (\elegon \). Inchoative imperfect , began to say . {Of a truth } (\al ˆth “s \). Common adverb (from \al ˆth ˆs \) in John (7:40 |). {The prophet that cometh } (\ho proph ˆt ˆs ho erchomenos \). There was a popular expectation about the prophet of strkjv @Deuteronomy:18:15 | as being the Messiah (John:1:21 ; strkjv @11:27 |). The phrase is peculiar to John , but the idea is in Acts (3:22 ; strkjv @7:37 |). The people are on the tiptoe of expectation and believe that Jesus is the political Messiah of Pharisaic hope . rwp @John:6:15 @{Perceiving } (\gnous \). Second aorist active participle of \gin “sk “\. It was not hard for Christ to read the mind of this excited mob . {They were about } (\mellousin \). Present active indicative of \mell “\. Probably the leaders were already starting . {Take him by force } (\harpazein \). Present active infinitive of \harpaz “\, old verb for violent seizing (Matthew:11:12 ; strkjv @13:19 |). There was a movement to start a revolution against Roman rule in Palestine by proclaiming Jesus King and driving away Pilate . {To make him king } (\hina poi ˆs “sin basilea \). Purpose clause with \hina \ and the first aorist active subjunctive of \poie “\ with \basilea \ as predicate accusative . It was a crisis that called for quick action . {Himself alone } (\autos monos \). At first he had the disciples with him (verse 3 |). But he sent them hurriedly by boat to the western side (Mark:6:45f .; strkjv @Matthew:14:22f .|) because clearly the apostles were sympathetic with the revolutionary impulse of the crowd . Then Jesus sent the multitudes away also and went up into the mountain alone . He was alone in every sense , for no one but the Father understood him at this stage , not even his own disciples . He went up to pray (Mark:6:46 ; strkjv @Matthew:14:23 |).

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