NT-EPISTLES.filter - rwp Mark:13:2:

rwp@1John:2:18 @{It is the last hour} (\eschat hra estin\). This phrase only here in N.T., though John often uses \hra\ for a crisis (John:2:4; strkjv@4:21,23; strkjv@5:25,28|, etc.). It is anarthrous here and marks the character of the "hour." John has seven times "the last day" in the Gospel. Certainly in verse 28| John makes it plain that the \parousia\ might come in the life of those then living, but it is not clear that here he definitely asserts it as a fact. It was his hope beyond a doubt. We are left in doubt about this "last hour" whether it covers a period, a series, or the final climax of all just at hand. {As ye heard} (\kaths kousate\). First aorist active indicative of \akou\. {Antichrist cometh} (\antichristos erchetai\). "Is coming." Present futuristic or prophetic middle indicative retained in indirect assertion. Songs:Jesus taught (Mark:13:6,22; strkjv@Matthew:24:5,15,24|) and so Paul taught (Acts:20:30; strkjv@2Thessalonians:2:3|). These false Christs (Matthew:24:24; strkjv@Mark:13:22|) are necessarily antichrists, for there can be only one. \Anti\ can mean substitution or opposition, but both ideas are identical in the word \antichristos\ (in N.T. only here, strkjv@2:22; strkjv@4:3; strkjv@2John:1:7|). Westcott rightly observes that John's use of the word is determined by the Christian conception, not by the Jewish apocalypses. {Have there arisen} (\gegonasin\). Second perfect active indicative of \ginomai\. {Many antichrists} (\antichristoi polloi\). Not just one, but the exponents of the Gnostic teaching are really antichrists, just as some modern deceivers deserve this title. {Whereby} (\hothen\). By the fact that these many antichrists have come.

rwp@1Timothy:6:10 @{The love of money} (\h philarguria\). Vulgate, _avaritia_. Common word (from \philarguros\, strkjv@2Timothy:3:12|, and that from \philos, arguros\), only here in N.T. Refers to verse 9| (\boulomenoi ploutein\). {A root of all kinds of evil} (\riza pantn tn kakn\). A root (\riza\). Old word, common in literal (Matthew:3:10|) and metaphorical sense (Romans:11:11-18|). Field (_Ot. Norv_.) argues for "the root" as the idea of this predicate without saying that it is the only root. Undoubtedly a proverb that Paul here quotes, attributed to Bion and to Democritus (\tn philargurian einai mtropolin pantn tn kakn\), where "metropolis" takes the place of "root." Surely men today need no proof of the fact that men and women will commit any sin or crime for money. {Reaching after} (\oregomenoi\). Present middle participle of \oreg\ (see strkjv@3:1|) with genitive \hs\ (which). {Have been led astray} (\apeplanthsan\). First aorist passive indicative of \apoplana\, old compound verb, in N.T. only here and strkjv@Mark:13:22|. {Have pierced themselves through} (\heautous periepeiran\). First aorist active (with reflexive pronoun) of late compound \peripeir\, only here in N.T. Perfective use of \peri\ (around, completely to pierce). {With many sorrows} (\odunais pollais\). Instrumental case of \odun\ (consuming, eating grief). In N.T. only here and strkjv@Romans:9:2|.

rwp@2Corinthians:11:13 @{False apostles} (\pseudapostoloi\). From \pseuds\, false, and \apostolos\. Paul apparently made this word (cf. strkjv@Revelation:2:2|). In verse 26| we have \pseudadelphos\, a word of like formation (Galatians:2:4|). See also \pseudochristoi\ and \pseudoprophtai\ in strkjv@Mark:13:22|. {Deceitful} (\dolioi\). Old word from \dolos\ (lure, snare), only here in N.T. (cf. strkjv@Romans:16:18|). {Fashioning themselves} (\metaschmatizomenoi\). Present middle (direct) participle of the old verb \metaschmatiz\ for which see on strkjv@1Corinthians:4:6|. Masquerading as apostles of Christ by putting on the outward habiliments, posing as ministers of Christ ("gentlemen of the cloth," nothing but cloth). Paul plays with this verb in verses 13,14,15|.

rwp@2Thessalonians:2:1 @{Touching the coming of our Lord Jesus Christ} (\huper ts parousias tou Kuriou (hmn) Isou Christou\). For \ertmen\, to beseech, see on ¯1Thessalonians:4:1; strkjv@4:12|. \Huper\ originally meant over, in behalf of, instead of, but here it is used like \peri\, around, concerning as in strkjv@1:4; strkjv@1Thessalonians:3:2; strkjv@5:10|, common in the papyri (Robertson, _Grammar_, p. 632). For the distinction between \Parousia, Epiphaneia\ (Epiphany), and \Apokalupsis\ (Revelation) as applied to the Second Coming of Christ see Milligan on _Thessalonian Epistles_, pp. 145-151, in the light of the papyri. \Parousia\ lays emphasis on the {presence} of the Lord with his people, \epiphaneia\ on his {manifestation} of the power and love of God, \apokalupsis\ on the {revelation} of God's purpose and plan in the Second Coming of the Lord Jesus. {And our gathering together unto him} (\kai hmn episunaggs ep' auton\). A late word found only in II Macc. strkjv@2:7; strkjv@2Thessalonians:2:1; strkjv@Hebrews:10:25| till Deissmann (_Light from the Ancient East_, p. 103) found it on a stele in the island of Syme, off Caria, meaning "collection." Paul is referring to the rapture, mentioned in strkjv@1Thessalonians:4:15-17|, and the being forever with the Lord thereafter. Cf. also strkjv@Matthew:24:31; strkjv@Mark:13:27|.

rwp@James:5:9 @{Murmur not} (\m stenazete\). Prohibition with \m\ and the present active imperative of \stenaz\, old verb, to groan. "Stop groaning against one another," as some were already doing in view of their troubles. In view of the hope of the Second Coming lift up your heads. {That ye be not judged} (\hina m krithte\). Negative purpose clause with \hina m\ and the first aorist passive subjunctive of \krin\. As already indicated (2:12f.; strkjv@4:12|) and repeated in strkjv@5:12|. Reminiscence of the words of Jesus in strkjv@Matthew:7:1f|. {Standeth before the doors} (\pro tn thurn hestken\). Perfect active indicative of \histmi\, "is standing now." Again like the language of Jesus in strkjv@Matthew:24:33| (\epi thurais\) and strkjv@Mark:13:29|. Jesus the Judge is pictured as ready to enter for the judgment.

rwp@Luke:21:6 @{As for these things} (\tauta\). Accusative of general reference. {One stone upon another} (\lithos epi lithi\). Stone upon stone (locative). Here both strkjv@Mark:13:2; strkjv@Matthew:24:2| have \epi lithon\ (accusative). Instead of \ouk aphethsetai\ (future passive) they both have \ou m aphethi\ (double negative with aorist passive subjunctive). It was a shock to the disciples to hear this after the triumphal entry.

rwp@Luke:21:27 @{And then shall they see} (\kai tote opsontai\). As much as to say that it will be not till then. Clearly the promise of the second coming of the Son of man in glory here (Mark:13:26f.; strkjv@Matthew:24:30f.|) is pictured as not one certain of immediate realization. The time element is left purposely vague.

rwp@Luke:21:29 @{The fig tree, and all the trees} (\tn sukn kai panta ta dendra\). This parable of the fig-tree (Mark:13:28-32; strkjv@Matthew:24:32-35|) Luke applies to "all the trees." It is true about all of them, but the fig tree was very common in Palestine.

rwp@Luke:21:30 @{Shoot forth} (\probalsin\). Second aorist active subjunctive of \proball\, common verb, but in the N.T. only here and strkjv@Acts:19:33|. {Summer} (\theros\). Not harvest, but summer. Old word, but in the N.T. only here (Mark:13:28; strkjv@Matthew:24:32|).

rwp@Mark:13:2 @{These great buildings} (\tautas tas oikodomas\). Jesus fully recognizes their greatness and beauty. The more remarkable will be their complete demolition (\kataluthi\), {loosened down}. Only the foundation stones remain.

rwp@Mark:13:20 @{Whom he chose} (\hous exelexato\). Indirect aorist middle indicative. In Mark alone. Explains the sovereign choice of God in the end by and for himself.

rwp@Mark:13:22 @{That they may lead astray} (\pros to apoplanin\). With a view to leading off (\pros\ and the infinitive). strkjv@Matthew:24:24| has \hste apoplsthai\, so as to lead off.

rwp@Mark:13:23 @{But take ye heed} (\Humeis de blepete\). Gullibility is no mark of a saint or of piety. Note emphatic position of you (\humeis\). Credulity ranks no higher than scepticism. God gave us our wits for self-protection. Christ has warned us beforehand.

rwp@Mark:13:24 @{The sun shall be darkened} (\ho helios skotisthsetai\). Future passive indicative. These figures come from the prophets (Isaiah:13:9f.; strkjv@Ezekiel:32:7f.; strkjv@Joel:2:1f.,10f.; strkjv@Amos:8:9; strkjv@Zephaniah:1:14-16; strkjv@Zechariah:12:12|). One should not forget that prophetic imagery was not always meant to be taken literally, especially apocalyptic symbols. Peter in strkjv@Acts:2:15-21| applies the prophecy of Joel about the sun and moon to the events on the day of Pentecost. See on ¯Matthew:24:29-31| for details of verses 24-27|.

rwp@Mark:13:25 @{The stars shall be falling} (\hoi asteres esontai piptontes\). Periphrastic future indicative, \esontai\, future middle indicative and \piptontes\, present active participle.

rwp@Mark:13:27 @{Shall gather together his elect} (\episunaxei tous eklektous autou\). This is the purpose of God through the ages. {From the uttermost part of the earth to the uttermost part of heaven} (\ap' akrou gs hes akrou ouranou\). The Greek is very brief, "from the tip of earth to the tip of heaven." This precise phrase occurs nowhere else.

rwp@Mark:13:28 @{Coming to pass} (\ginomena\). Present middle participle, linear action. See on ¯Matthew:24:32-36| for details of verses 28-32| (the Parable of the Fig Tree).

rwp@Revelation:1:7 @{Behold, he cometh with the clouds} (\idou erchetai meta tn nepheln\). Futuristic present middle indicative of \erchomai\, a reminiscence of strkjv@Daniel:7:13| (Theodotion). "It becomes a common eschatological refrain" (Beckwith) as in strkjv@Mark:13:26; strkjv@14:62; strkjv@Matthew:24:30; strkjv@26:64; strkjv@Luke:21:27|. Compare the manifestation of God in the clouds at Sinai, in the cloudy pillar, the Shekinah, at the transfiguration" (Vincent). {Shall see} (\opsetai\). Future middle of \hora\, a reminiscence of strkjv@Zechariah:12:10| according to the text of Theodotion (Aquila and Symmachus) rather than the LXX and like that of strkjv@Matthew:24:30| (similar combination of Daniel and Zechariah) and strkjv@26:64|. This picture of the victorious Christ in his return occurs also in strkjv@14:14, 18-20; strkjv@19:11-21; strkjv@20:7-10|. {And they which} (\kai hoitines\). "And the very ones who," Romans and Jews, all who shared in this act. {Pierced} (\exekentsan\). First aorist active indicative of \ekkente\, late compound (Aristotle, Polybius, LXX), from \ek\ and \kente\ (to stab, to pierce), in N.T., only here and strkjv@John:19:37|, in both cases from strkjv@Zechariah:12:10|, but not the LXX text (apparently proof that John used the original Hebrew or the translation of Theodotion and Aquila). {Shall mourn} (\kopsontai\). Future middle (direct) of \kopt\, old verb, to cut, "they shall cut themselves," as was common for mourners (Matthew:11:17; strkjv@Luke:8:52; strkjv@23:27|). From strkjv@Zechariah:12:12|. See also strkjv@Revelation:18:9|. {Tribes} (\phulai\). Not just the Jewish tribes, but the spiritual Israel of Jews and Gentiles as in strkjv@7:4-8|. No nation had then accepted Christ as Lord and Saviour, nor has any yet done so.