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geneva@Matthew:5:22 @ But I say unto you, That whosoever is angry with his brother without a cause shall be (note:)He speaks of the judgment of God, and of the difference of sins, and therefore applies his words to the form of civil judgments which were then used.(:note) in danger Of that judgment which was ruled by three men, who had the hearing and deciding of money matters, and such other small causes. of the judgment: and whosoever shall say to his brother, Raca, shall be in danger of the By that judgment which stood of 23 judges, who had the hearing and deciding of weighty affairs, as the matter of a whole tribe or of a high priest, or of a false prophet. council: but whosoever shall say, Thou fool, shall be in danger of Whereas we read here «hell», it is in the text itself «Gehenna», which is one Hebrew word made out of two, and is as if to say «as the Valley of Hinnom», which the Hebrews called Topheth: it was a place where the Israelites cruelly sacrificed their children to false gods, whereupon it was taken for a place appointed to torment the reprobates in (Jer_7:31). hell The Jews used four kinds of punishments, before their government was taken away by Herod: hanging, beheading, stoning, and burning. It is burning that Christ meant, because burning was the greatest punishment; therefore by making mention of a judgment, a council, and a fire, he shows that some sins are worse than others are, but yet they are all such that we must give account for them, and will be punished for them. fire.

geneva@Matthew:7:1 @ Judge (note:)We ought to find fault with one another, but we must beware we do not do it without cause, or to seem holier than others or because of hatred of others.(:note) not, that ye be not judged.

geneva@Matthew:12:18 @ Behold my servant, whom I have chosen; my beloved, in whom my soul is well pleased: I will put my spirit upon him, and he shall shew (note:)By judgment is meant a godly kingdom, because Christ was to proclaim true religion among the Gentiles, and to cast out superstition; and wherever this is done, the Lord is said to reign and judge there, that is to say, to govern and rule matters.(:note) judgment to the Gentiles.

geneva@Matthew:24:30 @ And then shall appear the (note:)The exceeding glory and majesty, which will bear witness that Christ the Lord of heaven and earth draws near to judge the world.(:note) sign of the Son of man in heaven: and then shall all the All nations, and he alludes to the dispersion which we read of in (Genesis 10-11), or to the dividing of the people of Israel. tribes of the earth They will be in such sorrow, that they will strike themselves: and it is transferred to the mourning. mourn, and they shall see the Son of man Sitting upon the clouds, as he was taken up into heaven. coming in the clouds of heaven with power and great glory.

geneva@Mark:12:14 @ And when they were come, they say unto him, Master, we know that thou art true, and carest for no man: for thou (note:)You do not judge by the outward appearance, so that the truth is therefore not darkened by any means at all.(:note) regardest not the person of men, but teachest the The way by which we come to see God. way of God in truth: Is it lawful to give tribute to Caesar, or not?

geneva@Mark:15:1 @ And (note:)Christ being bound before the judgment seat of an earthly Judge, is condemned before the open assembly as guilty unto the death of the cross, not for his own sins (as is shown by the judge's own words) but for all of ours, that we who are indeed guilty creatures, in being delivered from the guiltiness of our sins, might be acquitted before the judgment seat of God, even in the open assembly of the angels.(:note) straightway in the morning the chief priests held a consultation with the elders and scribes and the whole council, and bound Jesus, and carried [him] away, and It was not lawful for them to put any man to death, for all authority to punish by death was taken away from them, first by Herod the great, and afterward by the Romans, about forty years before the destruction of the temple, and therefore they deliver Jesus to Pilate.delivered [him] to Pilate.

geneva@Luke:6:22 @ Blessed are ye, when men shall hate you, and when they shall (note:)Cast you out of their synagogues, as John expounds in (Joh_16:2), which is the severest punishment the Church has, if the elders judge rightfully, and by the word of God.(:note) separate you [from their company], and shall reproach [you], and cast out your name as evil, for the Son of man's sake.

geneva@Luke:12:58 @ When thou goest with thine adversary to the magistrate, [as thou art] in the way, give diligence that thou mayest be delivered from him; lest he hale thee to the judge, and the judge deliver thee to the (note:)To him that has to demand and gather the fines from those who were fined at the discretion of the court, people who had wrongly troubled men: moreover, the magistrate's officers make those who are condemned pay what they owe, yea and often if they are obstinate, they not only take the fine, but also imprison them.(:note) officer, and the officer cast thee into prison.

geneva@Luke:18:5 @ Yet because this widow troubleth me, I will avenge her, lest by her continual coming she (note:)Literally, «beat me down with her blows», and it is a metaphor taken of wrestlers who beat their adversaries with their fists or clubs: in the same way those that are persistent beat the judge's ears with their crying out, even as it were with blows.(:note) weary me.

geneva@Luke:20:21 @ And they asked him, saying, Master, we know that thou sayest and teachest rightly, neither acceptest thou the (note:)You are not moved by favour of any man: and by «person» he means outward circumstances, for if a man judges according to these, there will be those who are truly alike whom he will judge to be different.(:note) person [of any], but teachest the way of God truly:

geneva@Luke:21:36 @ Watch ye therefore, and pray always, that ye may be accounted worthy to escape all these things that shall come to pass, and to (note:)You will appear before him in a condition such that you will abide the presence and sentence of the Judge without fear.(:note) stand before the Son of man.

geneva@John:5:22 @ For the Father (note:)This word «judgeth» is taken by the figure of speech synecdoche to represent all governing.(:note) judgeth These words are not to be taken as though they simply denied that God governed the world, but rather they deny that he governed as the Jews imagined it, who separate the Father from the Son, whereas indeed, the Father does not govern the world, but only in the person of his Son, being made manifest in the flesh: so he says below in (Joh_5:30), that he came not to do his own will: that his doctrine is not his own, that the blind man and his parents did not sin (Joh_7:16; Joh_9:3), etc. no man, but hath committed all judgment unto the Son:

geneva@John:5:27 @ And hath given him (note:)That is, high and sovereign power to rule and govern all things, in so much that he has power over life and death.(:note) authority to execute judgment also, because he is That is, he will not only judge the world as he is God, but also as he is man, he received this from his Father, to be judge of the world. the Son of man.

geneva@John:7:51 @ Doth our law judge [any] man, before it hear him, and know (note:)What the one who is accused has committed.(:note) what he doeth?

geneva@John:8:15 @ Ye judge after the flesh; I (note:)I am presently only teaching you, I condemn no man: but yet if I want to do it, I might lawfully do it, for I am not alone, but my Father is with me.(:note) judge no man.

geneva@John:8:50 @ And I seek not mine own glory: there is one (note:)That is, that will avenge both your despising of me and of him.(:note) that seeketh and judgeth.

geneva@John:16:11 @ Of (note:)Of that authority and power which I have both in heaven and in earth.(:note) judgment, That is, because they will then understand and indeed know that I have overcome the devil, and govern the world, and then all men will see that they set themselves against you in vain, for I will arm you with heavenly power by which you may destroy every high thing which is lifted up against the knowledge of God; (2Co_10:5). because the prince of this world is judged.

geneva@John:18:31 @ Then said Pilate unto them, Take ye him, and judge him according to your law. The Jews therefore said unto him, (note:)For judgments of life and death were taken from them forty years before the destruction of the temple.(:note) It is not lawful for us to put any man to death:

geneva@Acts:7:35 @ This Moses whom they refused, saying, Who made thee a ruler and a judge? the same did God send [to be] a ruler and a deliverer by the (note:)By the power.(:note) hand of the angel which appeared to him in the bush.

geneva@Acts:11:1 @ And (note:)Peter, being reprehended without reason by the unskilful and ignorant, does not object and say that he should not be judged by any, but openly gives an account of his actions.(:note) the apostles and brethren that were in Judaea heard that the Gentiles had also received the word of God.

geneva@Acts:13:20 @ And after that he gave [unto them] judges about the space of (note:)There were from the birth of Isaac until the destruction of the Canaanites under the governance of Joshua four hundred and forty-seven years, and therefore he adds in this place the word «about», for three years are missing; the apostle, however, uses the whole greater number.(:note) four hundred and fifty years, until Samuel the prophet.

geneva@Acts:17:19 @ And they took him, and brought him unto (note:)This was a place called, as one would say, Mars hill, where the judges sat who were called Areopagita upon important matters, who in ancient time arraigned Socrates, and afterward condemned him of impiety.(:note) Areopagus, saying, May we know what this new doctrine, whereof thou speakest, [is]?

geneva@Acts:17:31 @ Because he hath appointed a day, in the which he will judge the world in righteousness by [that] man whom he hath ordained; [whereof] he hath given (note:)By declaring Christ to be the judge of the world through the resurrection from the dead.(:note) assurance unto all [men], in that he hath raised him from the dead.

geneva@Acts:18:15 @ But if it be a question of (note:)As if a man has not spoken well, as judged by your religion.(:note) words and For this profane man thinks that the controversy of religion is merely a fight about words, and over nothing important. names, and [of] your law, look ye [to it]; for I will be no judge of such [matters].

geneva@Acts:26:10 @ Which thing I also did in Jerusalem: and many of the saints did I shut up in prison, having received authority from the chief priests; and when they were put to death, I gave (note:)I consented to and allowed their actions: for he was not a judge.(:note) my voice against [them].

geneva@Romans:2:1 @ Therefore (note:)He convicts those who would seem to be exempt from the rest of men (because they reprehend other men's faults), and says that they are least of all to be excused, for if they were searched well and carefully (as God surely does) they themselves would be found guilty in those things which they reprehend and punish in others: so that in condemning others, they pronounce sentence against themselves.(:note) thou art inexcusable, O man, whosoever thou art that judgest: for wherein thou judgest another, thou condemnest thyself; for thou that judgest doest the same things.

geneva@Romans:2:11 @ For there is no (note:)God does not judge men either by their blood or by their country, either to receive them or to cast them away.(:note) respect of persons with God.

geneva@Romans:2:27 @ And shall not (note:)He who is uncircumcised by nature and race.(:note) uncircumcision which is by nature, if it fulfil the law, judge thee, who by the Paul often contrasts the letter against the Spirit: but in this place, the circumcision which is according to the letter is the cutting off of the foreskin, but the circumcision of the Spirit is the circumcision of the heart, that is to say, the spiritual result of the ceremony is true holiness and righteousness, by which the people of God are known from profane and heathen men. letter and circumcision dost transgress the law?

geneva@Romans:3:4 @ God forbid: yea, let God be true, but every man a liar; as it is written, That thou mightest be (note:)That your justice might be plainly seen.(:note) justified in thy sayings, and mightest overcome Seeing that you showed forth an true token of your righteousness, steadfastness and faith, by preserving him who had broken his covenant. when thou art judged.

geneva@1Corinthians:4:4 @ For I know nothing by myself; yet am I not hereby justified: but he that judgeth me is the (note:)I submit myself to the Lord's judgment.(:note) Lord.

geneva@1Corinthians:5:4 @ In the (note:)Calling upon Christ's name.(:note) name of our Lord Jesus Christ, when ye are gathered together, and my spirit, There is no doubt that the judgment is ratified in heaven, in which Christ himself sits as Judge. with the power of our Lord Jesus Christ,

geneva@1Corinthians:6:1 @ Dare (note:)The third question is of civil judgments. Whether it is lawful for one of the faithful to draw another of the faithful before the judgment seat of an infidel? He answers that is not lawful because it is an offence for the faithful to do this, for it is not evil in itself that a matter be brought before the judgment seat, even of an infidel.(:note)As if he said, «Have you become so impudent, that you are not ashamed to make the Gospel a laughing stock to profane men?» any of you, having a matter against another, go to law Before the unjust. before the unjust, He adds that he does not forbid that one neighbour may go to law with another, if need so require, but yet under holy judges. and not before the saints?

geneva@1Corinthians:10:29 @ Conscience, I say, not thine own, but of the other: (note:)A reason: for we must take heed that our liberty is not spoken of as evil, and that the benefit of God which we ought to use with thanksgiving is not changed into impiety. And this is through our fault, if we choose rather to offend the conscience of the weak, than to yield a little of our liberty in a matter of no importance, and so give occasion to the weak to judge in such sort of us, and of Christian liberty. And the apostle takes these things upon his own person, that the Corinthians may have so much the less occasion to oppose anything against him.(:note) for why is my liberty judged of another [man's] conscience?

geneva@1Corinthians:11:31 @ For if we would (note:)Try and examine ourselves, by faith and repentance, separating ourselves from the wicked.(:note) judge ourselves, we should not be judged.

geneva@2Corinthians:1:14 @ As also ye have acknowledged us in part, that we are your (note:)Paul's rejoicing in the Lord was that he had won the Corinthians: and they themselves rejoiced that such an apostle was their instructor, and taught them so purely and sincerely.(:note) rejoicing, even as ye also [are] ours in the When he will sit as judge. day of the Lord Jesus.

geneva@2Corinthians:10:1 @ Now (note:)He returns to the defence of his apostleship, but in such a way that he uses his authority in his defence: for he warns them earnestly and gravely, using also terrible threatenings, to show themselves to be those who are able to be instructed. And he reviles certain proud men who made no better account of him, than of a bragging proud man, in that he used to be sharp against them when he was absent, because they saw no great majesty in him after the manner of men; and besides, he had proved his gentleness, even though in his absence he had written to them sharply. Therefore first of all he professes that he was gentle and moderate, but after the example of Christ: but if they continue still to despise his gentleness, he protests to them that he will show indeed how far they are deceived, who judge the office of an apostle in the same way that they judge worldly offices, that is, according to the outward appearance.(:note) I Paul myself beseech you by the meekness and That nature which is inclined to mercy, rather than to rigor of justice. gentleness of Christ, who in presence [am] base among you, but being absent am bold toward you:

geneva@Galatians:6:1 @ Brethren, (note:)He condemns persistent and pressing harshness, because brotherly reprehensions ought to be moderated and tempered by the spirit of meekness.(:note) if a man be Through the malice of the flesh and the devil. overtaken in a fault, ye which are Who are upheld by the power of God's Spirit. spiritual, Labour to fill up that which is lacking in him. restore such an one in the This is a metaphor which the Hebrews use, showing by this that all good gifts come from God. spirit of meekness; He touches the problem, for they are commonly the most severe judges who forget their own weaknesses. considering thyself, lest thou also be tempted.

geneva@1Thessalonians:1:10 @ And to wait for his Son from heaven, whom he raised from the dead, [even] Jesus, which delivered us from (note:)This word «the» is not put here without reason: and by «wrath» is meant that revenge and punishment with which the Lord will in time judge the world in his terrible wrath.(:note) the wrath to come.

geneva@2Timothy:2:14 @ Of these things put [them] in remembrance, (note:)Call God to witness, or as a Judge: as Moses, Joshua, Samuel, and Paul himself did, in Acts 13.(:note) charging [them] before the Lord that they strive not about words to no profit, [but] to the subverting of the hearers.

geneva@2Timothy:4:1 @ I (note:)The principal and chief of all admonitions, being therefore proposed with a most earnest charge, is this: that the word of God is explained and set forth with a certain holy urgent exhorting, as necessity requires: but in such a way that a good and true ground of the doctrine is laid, and the vehemency is tempered with all holy meekness.(:note) charge [thee] therefore before God, and the Lord Jesus Christ, who shall judge the quick and the dead at his appearing and his kingdom;

geneva@Hebrews:5:14 @ But strong meat belongeth to them that are of full age, [even] those who by reason of use have their (note:)All their power by which they understand and judge.(:note) senses exercised to discern both good and evil.

geneva@Hebrews:9:28 @ So Christ was once offered to bear the sins of (note:)Thus the general promise is restrained to the elect only: and we have to seek the testimony of our election, not in the secret counsel of God, but in the effects that our faith works, and so we must climb up from the lowest step to the highest, there to find such comfort as is most certain, and shall never be moved.(:note) many; Shortly by the way he sets Christ as Judge, partly to terrify those who are not trusting in the only sacrifice of Christ once made, and partly to keep the faithful in their duty, so that they will not go back. and unto them that look for him shall he appear the second time without sin unto salvation.

geneva@Hebrews:10:25 @ Not forsaking the assembling of ourselves together, as the manner of some [is]; but exhorting [one another]: (note:)Having mentioned the last coming of Christ, he stirs up the godly to the meditation of a holy life, and cites the faithless fallers from God to the fearful judgment seat of the Judge, because they wickedly rejected him in whom only salvation consists.(:note) and so much the more, as ye see the day approaching.

geneva@Hebrews:12:23 @ To the general assembly and church of the firstborn, which are written in heaven, and to God the Judge of all, and to the spirits of just men made (note:)So he calls them that are taken up to heaven, although one part of them sleeps in the earth.(:note) perfect,

geneva@James:2:4 @ Are ye not then partial in (note:)Have you not within yourselves judged one man to be preferred over another (which you should not do) by means of this?(:note) yourselves, and are become judges of evil thoughts?

geneva@James:2:13 @ For he shall have judgment without mercy, that hath shewed no (note:)He that is harsh and short with his neighbour, or else does not help him, he shall find God a hard and rough judge to him.(:note) mercy; and mercy rejoiceth against judgment.

geneva@James:3:1 @ My (note:)The sixth part or place: Let no man usurp (as most men ambitiously do) authority to judge and censure others harshly.(:note) brethren, be not many masters, A reason: Because they provoke God's anger against themselves, who do so eagerly and harshly condemn others, being themselves guilty and faulty. knowing that we Unless we cease from this imperious and proud finding of fault with others. shall receive the greater condemnation.

geneva@1Peter:2:23 @ Who, when he was reviled, reviled not again; when he suffered, he threatened not; but (note:)He shows them a remedy against injuries, that is, that they commend their cause to God, by the example of Christ.(:note) committed [himself] to him He seems now to turn his speech to masters, who have also themselves a master and judge in heaven, who will justly avenge the injuries that are done to servants, without any respecting of people. that judgeth righteously:


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