OT-HISTORY.filter - rwp Isaiah:54:12:

rwp@Revelation:21:19 @{Were adorned} (\kekosmmenoi\). Perfect passive participle of \kosme\ as in verse 2|, but without the copula \san\ (were), followed by instrumental case \lithi\ (stone). {With all manner of precious stones} (\panti lithi timii\). "With every precious stone." The list of the twelve stones in verses 19,20| has no necessary mystical meaning. "The writer is simply trying to convey the impression of a radiant and superb structure" (Moffatt). The twelve gems do correspond closely (only eight in common) with the twelve stones on the high priest's breastplate (Exodus:28:17-20; strkjv@39:10ff.; strkjv@Ezekiel:28:13; strkjv@Isaiah:54:11f.|). Charles identifies them with the signs of zodiac in reverse order, a needless performance here. See the stones in strkjv@Revelation:4:3|. These foundation stones are visible. For jasper (\iaspis\) see strkjv@4:3; strkjv@21:11,18; strkjv@Isaiah:54:12|; sapphire (\sappheiros\) see strkjv@Exodus:24:10;. strkjv@Isaiah:54:11| (possibly the \lapis lazuli\ of Turkestan); chalcedony (\chalkdn\) we have no other reference in N.T. or LXX (described by Pliny, H.N. XXXIII.21), possibly a green silicate of copper from near Chalcedon; emerald (\smaragdos\) here only in N.T., see strkjv@4:3| \smaragdinos\, and like it a green stone.

rwp@Revelation:21:21 @{Twelve pearls} (\ddeka margaritai\). These gate towers (\pulnes\) were mentioned in verses 12f|. Each of these (cf. strkjv@Isaiah:54:12|) is a pearl, one of the commonest of jewels (Matthew:7:6; strkjv@13:46; strkjv@1Timothy:2:9|). {Each one} (\ana heis hekastos\). Distributive use of \ana\, but with the nominative (used as adverb, not preposition) rather than the accusative (as a preposition) as appears also in strkjv@Mark:14:19; strkjv@John:8:9|; with \kata\ in strkjv@Romans:12:5|, "a barbaric construction" according to Charles. {Street} (\plateia\). For which word (broad way, \hodos\ understood) see strkjv@Matthew:6:5|, here the singular, but includes all the streets. {Transparent} (\diaugs\). Old word (from \dia\, through, \aug\, ray, shining through), here alone in N.T.