OT-PROPHET.filter - rwp epesen:

rwp@1Peter:1:24 @24,25| Quotation from strkjv@Isaiah:40:6-8| (partly like the LXX, partly like the Hebrew). {For} (\dioti\). As in verse 16| (\dia\ and \hoti\), "for that." Songs:in strkjv@2:6|. See a free use of this imagery about the life of man as grass and a flower in strkjv@James:1:11|. The best MSS. here read \auts\ (thereof) after \doxa\ (glory) rather than \anthrpou\ (of man). {Withereth} (\exranth\). First aorist (gnomic, timeless) passive indicative of \xrain\ (see strkjv@James:1:11|). {Falleth} (\exepesen\). Second aorist (gnomic, timeless) active indicative of \ekpipt\ (see strkjv@James:1:11|). In verse 25| note \eis hums\ (unto you) like \eis hums\ in strkjv@1:4| (\humin\ dative).

rwp@Acts:10:44 @{While Peter yet spake} (\eti lalountos tou Petrou\). Genitive absolute of present participle, still going on. {The Holy Ghost fell} (\epepesen to pneuma to hagion\). Second aorist active indicative of \epipipt\, old verb to fall upon, to recline, to come upon. Used of the Holy Spirit in strkjv@8:16; strkjv@10:44; strkjv@11:15|. It appears that Peter was interrupted in his sermon by this remarkable event. The Jews had received the Holy Spirit (2:4|), the Samaritans (8:17|), and now Gentiles. But on this occasion it was before baptism, as was apparently true in Paul's case (9:17f.|). In strkjv@8:16; strkjv@19:5| the hands of the apostles were also placed after baptism on those who received the Holy Spirit. Here it was unexpected by Peter and by Cornelius and was indubitable proof of the conversion of these Gentiles who had accepted Peter's message and had believed on Jesus Christ as Saviour.

rwp@Acts:16:29 @{Trembling for fear} (\entromos genomenos\). "Becoming terrified." The adjective \entromos\ (in terror) occurs in N.T. only here and strkjv@7:32; strkjv@Hebrews:12:21|. {Fell down} (\prosepesen\). Second aorist active indicative of \prospipt\, old verb. An act of worship as Cornelius before Peter (10:25|), when \prosekunsen\ is used.

rwp@Acts:20:9 @{Sat} (\kathezomenos\). Sitting (present middle participle describing his posture). {In the window} (\epi ts thuridos\). Old word diminutive from \thura\, door, a little door. Latticed window (no glass) opened because of the heat from the lamps and the crowd. Our window was once spelt _windore_ (Hudibras), perhaps from the wrong idea that it was derived from _wind_ and _door_. Eutychus (a common slave name) was sitting on (\epi\) the window sill. Ahaziah "fell down through a lattice in his upper chamber" (2Kings:1:2|). In the N.T. \thuris\ only here and strkjv@2Corinthians:11:33| (\dia thuridos\) through which Paul was let down through the wall in Damascus. {Borne down with deep sleep} (\katapheromenos hupni bathei\). Present passive participle of \katapher\, to bear down, and followed by instrumental case (\hupni\). Describes the gradual process of going into deep sleep. Great medical writers use \bathus\ with \hupnos\ as we do today (deep sleep). D here has \basei\ (heavy) for \bathei\ (deep). {As Paul discoursed yet longer} (\dialegomenou tou Paulou epi pleion\). Genitive absolute of present middle participle of \dialegomai\ (cf. verse 7|). with \epi pleion\. Eutychus struggled bravely to keep awake, vainly hoping that Paul would finish. But he went on "for more." {Being born down by his sleep} (\katenechtheis apo tou hupnou\). First aorist (effective) passive showing the final result of the process described by \katapheromenos\, finally overcome as a result of (\apo\) the (note article \tou\) sleep (ablative case). These four participles (\kathezomenos, katapheromenos, dialegomenou, katenechtheis\) have no connectives, but are distinguished clearly by case and tense. The difference between the present \katapheromenos\ and the aorist \katenechtheis\ of the same verb is marked. {Fell down} (\epesen kat\). Effective aorist active indicative of \pipt\ with the adverb \kat\, though \katapipt\ (compound verb) could have been used (Acts:26:14; strkjv@28:6|). Hobart (_Medical Language of St. Luke_) thinks that Luke shows a physician's interest in the causes of the drowsiness of Eutychus (the heat, the crowd, the smell of the lamps, the late hour, the long discourse). Cf. strkjv@Luke:22:45|. {From the third story} (\apo tou tristegou\). From \treis\ (three) and \steg\ (roof), adjective \tristegos\ having three roofs. {Was taken up dead} (\rth nekros\). First aorist passive indicative of \air\. Luke does not say \hs\ (as) or \hsei\ (Mark:9:26| as if). The people considered him dead and Luke the physician seems to agree with that view.

rwp@Acts:20:10 @{Fell on him} (\epepesen auti\). Second aorist active indicative of \epipipt\ with dative case as Elijah did (1Kings:17:21|) and Elisha (2Kings:4:34|). {Embracing} (\sunperilabn\). Second aorist active participle of \sunperilamban\, old verb to embrace completely (take hold together round), but only here in the N.T. In strkjv@Ezra:5:3|. {Make ye no ado} (\m thorubeisthe\). Stop (\m\ and present middle imperative of \thorube\) making a noise (\thorubos\) as the people did on the death of Jairus's daughter (Matthew:9:23| \thoruboumenou\ and strkjv@Mark:5:38| \thorubou\) when Jesus asked \Ti thorubeisthe?\ {For his life is in him} (\h gar psuch autou en auti estin\). This language is relied on by Ramsay, Wendt, Zoeckler to show that Eutychus had not really died, but had merely swooned. Paul's language would suit that view, but it suits equally well the idea that he had just been restored to life and so is indecisive. Furneaux urges also the fact that his friends did not bring him back to the meeting till morning (verse 12|) as additional evidence that it was a case of swooning rather than of death. But this again is not conclusive as they would naturally not take him back at once. One will believe here as the facts appeal to him.

rwp@James:1:2 @{Count it} (\hgsasthe\). First aorist middle imperative of \hgeomai\, old verb to consider. Do it now and once for all. {All joy} (\psan charan\). "Whole joy," " unmixed joy," as in strkjv@Phillipians:2:29|. Not just "some joy" along with much grief. {When} (\hotan\). "Whenever," indefinite temporal conjunction. {Ye fall into} (\peripeste\). Second aorist active subjunctive (with the indefinite \hotan\) from \peripipt\, literally to fall around (into the midst of), to fall among as in strkjv@Luke:10:30| \listais periepesen\ (he fell among robbers). Only other N.T. example of this old compound is in strkjv@Acts:27:41|. Thucydides uses it of falling into affliction. It is the picture of being surrounded (\peri\) by trials. {Manifold temptations} (\peirasmois poikilois\). Associative instrumental case. The English word temptation is Latin and originally meant trials whether good or bad, but the evil sense has monopolized the word in our modern English, though we still say "attempt." The word \peirasmos\ (from \peiraz\, late form for the old \peira\ as in strkjv@Acts:26:21|, both in good sense as in strkjv@John:6:6|, and in bad sense as in strkjv@Matthew:16:1|) does not occur outside of the LXX and the N.T. except in Dioscorides (A.D. 100?) of experiments on diseases. "Trials" is clearly the meaning here, but the evil sense appears in verse 12| (clearly in \peiraz\ in verse 13|) and so in strkjv@Hebrews:3:8|. Trials rightly faced are harmless, but wrongly met become temptations to evil. The adjective \poikilos\ (manifold) is as old as Homer and means variegated, many coloured as in strkjv@Matthew:4:24; strkjv@2Timothy:3:6; strkjv@Hebrews:2:4|. In strkjv@1Peter:1:6| we have this same phrase. It is a bold demand that James here makes.

rwp@James:1:11 @{Ariseth} (\aneteilen\). Gnomic or timeless aorist active indicative of the old compound \anatell\, used here of plants (cf. \anathall\ in strkjv@Phillipians:4:10|), often of the sun (Matthew:13:6|). {With the scorching wind} (\sun ti kausni\). Associative instrumental case with \sun\. In the LXX this late word (from \kausos\) is usually the sirocco, the dry east wind from the desert (Job:1:19|). In strkjv@Matthew:20:12; strkjv@Luke:12:55| it is the burning heat of the sun. Either makes sense here. {Withereth} (\exranen\). Another gnomic aorist active indicative (Robertson, _Grammar_, p. 837) of \xrain\, old verb (from \xros\, dry or withered, strkjv@Matthew:12:10|), to dry up. Grass and flowers are often used to picture the transitoriness of human life. {Falleth} (\exepesen\). Another gnomic aorist (second aorist active indicative) of \ekpipt\ to fall out (off). {The grace} (\h euprepeia\). Old word (from \eupreps\ well-looking, not in the N.T.), only here in N.T. Goodly appearance, beauty. {Of the fashion of it} (\tou prospou autou\). "Of the face of it." The flower is pictured as having a "face," like a rose or lily. {Perisheth} (\apleto\). Another gnomic aorist (second aorist middle indicative of \apollumi\, to destroy, but intransitive here, to perish). The beautiful rose is pitiful when withered. {Shall fade away} (\maranthsetai\). Future passive indicative of \marain\, old verb, to extinguish a flame, a light. Used of roses in Wisdom strkjv@2:8. {Goings} (\poreiais\). Old word from \poreu\ to journey, in N.T. only here and strkjv@Luke:13:22| (of Christ's journey toward Jerusalem). The rich man's travels will come to "journey's end."

rwp@John:11:32 @{Fell down at his feet} (\epesen autou pros tous podas\). Second aorist active of \pipt\, to fall. Note unusual position of \autou\. This impulsive act like Mary. She said precisely what Martha had said to Jesus (verse 21|). But she said no more, only wept (verse 33|).

rwp@John:13:12 @{Sat down again} (\anepesen palin\). Second aorist active indicative of \anapipt\, old compound verb to fall back, to lie down, to recline. \Palin\ (again) can be taken either with \anepesen\, as here, or with \eipen\ (he said again). {Know ye what I have done to you?} (\ginskete ti pepoika humin;\). "Do ye understand the meaning of my act?" Perfect active indicative of \poie\ with dative case (\humin\). It was a searching question, particularly to Simon Peter and Judas.

rwp@Luke:5:8 @{Fell down at Jesus' knees} (\prosepesen tois gonasin Isou\). Just like Peter, from extreme self-confidence and pride (verse 5|) to abject humilation. But his impulse here was right and sincere. His confession was true. He was a sinful man.

rwp@Luke:6:49 @{He that heareth and doeth not} (\ho de akousas kai m poisas\). Aorist active participle with article. Particular case singled out (punctiliar, aorist). {Like a man} (\homoios estin anthrpi\). Associative instrumental case after \homoios\ as in verse 47|. {Upon the earth} (\epi tn gn\). strkjv@Matthew:7:26| has "upon the sand" (\epi tn ammon\), more precise and worse than mere earth. But not on the rock. {Without a foundation} (\chris themeliou\). The foundation on the rock after deep digging as in verse 48|. {It fell in} (\sunepesen\). Second aorist active of \sunpipt\, to fall together, to collapse. An old verb from Homer on, but only here in the N.T. {The ruin} (\to rgma\). The crash like a giant oak in the forest resounded far and wide. An old word for a rent or fracture as in medicine for laceration of a wound. Only here in the N.T.

rwp@Luke:8:28 @{Fell down} (\prosepesen\). Second aorist active of \prospipt\, to fall forward, towards, prostrate before one as here. Common verb. strkjv@Mark:5:6| has \prosekunsen\ (worshipped). {The Most High God} (\tou theou tou hupsistou\). Uncertain whether \tou theou\ genuine or not. But "the Most High" clearly means God as already seen (Luke:1:32,35,36; strkjv@6:35|). The phrase is common among heathen (Numbers:24:16; strkjv@Micah:6:6; strkjv@Isaiah:14:14|). The demoniac may have been a Gentile, but it is the demon here speaking. See on ¯Mark:2:7; strkjv@Matthew:8:29| for the Greek idiom (\ti emoi kai soi\). "What have I to do with thee?" See there also for "Torment me not."

rwp@Luke:10:30 @{Made answer} (\hupolabn\). Second aorist active participle of \hupolamban\ (see strkjv@7:43|), to take up literally, and then in thought and speech, old verb, but in this sense of interrupting in talk only in the N.T. {Was going down} (\katebainen\). Imperfect active describing the journey. {Fell among robbers} (\listais periepesen\). Second aorist ingressive active indicative of \peripipt\, old verb with associative instrumental case, to fall among and to be encompassed by (\peri\, around), to be surrounded by robbers. A common experience to this day on the road to Jericho. The Romans placed a fort on this "red and bloody way." These were bandits, not petty thieves. {Stripped} (\ekdusantes\). Of his clothing as well as of his money, the meanest sort of robbers. {Beat him} (\plgas epithentes\). Second aorist active participle of \epitithmi\, a common verb. Literally, "placing strokes or blows" (\plgas\, plagues) upon him. See strkjv@Luke:12:48; strkjv@Acts:16:23; strkjv@Revelation:15:1,6,8| for "plagues." {Half-dead} (\hmithan\). Late word from \hmi\, half, and \thnsk\, to die. Only here in the N.T. Vivid picture of the robbery.

rwp@Luke:11:37 @{Now as he spake} (\en de ti lalsai\). Luke's common idiom, \en\ with the articular infinitive (aorist active infinitive) but it does not mean "after he had spoken" as Plummer argues, but simply "in the speaking," no time in the aorist infinitive. See strkjv@3:21| for similar use of aorist infinitive with \en\. {Asketh} (\erti\). Present active indicative, dramatic present. Request, not question. {To dine} (\hops aristsi\). Note \hops\ rather than the common \hina\. Aorist active subjunctive rather than present, for a single meal. The verb is from \ariston\ (breakfast). See distinction between \ariston\ and \deipnon\ (dinner or supper) in strkjv@Luke:14:12|. It is the morning meal (breakfast or lunch) after the return from morning prayers in the synagogue (Matthew:22:4|), not the very early meal called \akratisma\. The verb is, however, used for the early meal on the seashore in strkjv@John:21:12,15|. {With him} (\par' auti\). By his side. {Sat down to meat} (\anepesen\). Second aorist active indicative of \anapipt\, old verb, to recline, to fall back on the sofa or lounge. No word here for "to meat."

rwp@Mark:5:33 @{Fearing and trembling, knowing} (\phobtheisa kai tremousa, eiduia\). These participles vividly portray this woman who had tried to hide in the crowd. She had heard Christ's question and felt his gaze. She had to come and confess, for something "has happened" (\gegonen\, second perfect active indicative, still true) to her. {Fell down before him} (\prosepesen auti\). That was the only proper attitude now. {All the truth} (\psan tn altheian\). Secrecy was no longer possible. She told "the pitiful tale of chronic misery" (Bruce).

rwp@Mark:14:35 @{Fell on the ground} (\epipten epi ts gs\). Descriptive imperfect. See him falling. Matthew has the aorist \epesen\. {Prayed} (\prosucheto\). Imperfect, prayed repeatedly or inchoative, began to pray. Either makes good sense. {The hour} (\h hra\). Jesus had long looked forward to this "hour" and had often mentioned it (John:7:30; strkjv@8:20; strkjv@12:23,27; strkjv@13:1|). See again in strkjv@Mark:14:41|. Now he dreads it, surely a human trait that all can understand.

rwp@Revelation:11:11 @{After the} (\meta tas\ etc.). The article \tas\ (the) points back to strkjv@11:9|. {The breath of life from God} (\pneuma zs ek tou theou\). This phrase (\pneuma zs\) occurs in strkjv@Genesis:6:17; strkjv@7:15,22| of the lower animals, but here there is clearly an allusion to strkjv@Ezekiel:37:5,10| (also strkjv@2Kings:13:21|), where the dead bones lived again. {Entered into them} (\eislthen en autois\). Second aorist active indicative of \eiserchomai\ with \en\ rather than \eis\ after it (cf. strkjv@Luke:9:46|). The prophecy has here become fact (change from future \pempsousin\ to aorist \eislthen\). {They stood upon their feet} (\estsan epi tous podas autn\). Ingressive second aorist active indicative of \histmi\ (intransitive). Reference to strkjv@Ezekiel:37:10|, but with the accusative in place of genitive there after \epi\ as in strkjv@2Kings:13:21|. {Fell upon} (\epepesen epi\). Second aorist active indicative of \epipipt\ with repetition of \epi\. The same prophetic use of the aorist as in \eislthen\ and \estsan\. {Beheld} (\therountas\). Present active articular participle of \there\. "The spectators were panic-stricken" (Swete).

rwp@Revelation:11:13 @{There was} (\egeneto\). "There came to pass" (second aorist middle indicative of \ginomai\). Earthquakes are often given as a symbol of great upheavals in social and spiritual order (Swete) as in strkjv@Ezekiel:37:7; strkjv@38:19; strkjv@Haggai:2:6; strkjv@Mark:13:8; strkjv@Hebrews:12:26f.; strkjv@Revelation:6:12; strkjv@16:18|. {Fell} (\epesen\). Second aorist active indicative of \pipt\, to fall. Only the tenth (\to dekaton\) of the city fell. Cf. \to triton\ (the third) in strkjv@8:7-12|, perhaps a conventional number. {Were killed} (\apektanthsan\). First aorist passive indicative of \apoktein\ as in strkjv@9:18|. {Seven thousand persons} (\onomata anthrpn chiliades hepta\). This use of \onomata\ (names of men here) is like that in strkjv@3:4; strkjv@Acts:1:15| and occurs in the papyri (Deissmann, _Bible Studies_, p. 196f.). {Were affrighted} (\emphoboi egenonto\). "Became terrified," old adjective (\en, phobos\, fear) as in strkjv@Luke:24:5; strkjv@Acts:10:4; strkjv@24:5|. "A general movement toward Christianity, induced by fear or despair--a prediction fulfilled more than once in ecclesiastical history" (Swete). {Gave glory} (\edkan doxan\). First aorist active indicative of \didmi\, when they saw the effect of the earthquake, recognition of God's power (John:9:24; strkjv@Acts:12:23; strkjv@Romans:4:20|).

rwp@Revelation:14:8 @{Another, a second angel} (\allos deuteros aggelos\). This second angel "followed" (\kolouthsen\, first aorist active indicative of \akolouthe\) and interpreted in part the first one. {Fallen, fallen} (\epesen, epesen\). Prophetic aorist active indicative of \pipt\, repeated as a solemn dirge announcing the certainty of the fall. The English participle "fallen, fallen" is more musical and rhythmical than the literal rendering "fell, fell." The language is an echo of strkjv@Isaiah:21:9|, though B in the LXX has \peptken, peptken\ (perfect). {Babylon the great} (\Babuln h magal\). The adjective \megal\ occurs with \Babuln\ each time in the Apocalypse (14:8; strkjv@16:19; strkjv@17:5; strkjv@18:2,10,21|) as a reminder of Nebuchadrezzar. There is no doubt that Rome is meant by Babylon, as is probably seen already in strkjv@1Peter:5:13|. As a prisoner in Patmos John can speak his mind by this symbolism. {Hath made to drink} (\pepotiken\). Perfect active indicative of \potiz\, old causative verb (from \potos\ drinking, strkjv@1Peter:4:3|), as in strkjv@Matthew:25:35|. The remarkable phrase that follows seems based on strkjv@Jeremiah:51:8| (Jeremiah:25:15|). It is a combination also of strkjv@Revelation:14:10| (the wine of God's wrath, also in strkjv@16:19; strkjv@19:15|) and strkjv@17:2|. There is no doubt of the dissoluteness of the old Babylon of Jeremiah's day as of the Rome of John's time. Rome is pictured as the great courtesan who intoxicates and beguiles the nations to fornication (17:2,4,6|), but the cup of God's wrath for her and her paramours is full (14:10; strkjv@16:19; strkjv@18:2|).

rwp@Revelation:18:2 @{Fallen, fallen is Babylon the great} (\epesen, epesen Babuln h megal\). The very words of strkjv@14:8|: "Did fall, did fall Babylon the great." Prophetic aorists of \pipt\ repeated like a solemn dirge of the damned. {Is become} (\egeneto\). Prophetic aorist middle. {A habitation of devils} (\katoiktrion\). Late word (from \katoike\, to dwell), in N.T. only here and strkjv@Ephesians:2:22|. Devils should be demons, of course. Songs:Isaiah prophesied of Babylon (Isaiah:12:21f.|) and also Jeremiah (Jeremiah:50:39|) and Zephaniah of Nineveh (Zephaniah:2:14|). Both Babylon and Nineveh are ruins. {A hold of every unclean spirit} (\phulak pantos pneumatos akathartou\). \Phulak\ is garrison or watch-tower as in strkjv@Habbakkuk:2:1|, rather than a prison (20:7|). {A hold of every unclean and hateful bird} (\phulak pantos orneou akathartou kai memismenou\). \Orneou\ is old word for bird, in N.T. only strkjv@Revelation:18:2; strkjv@19:17,21|. "The evil spirits, watching over fallen Rome like night-birds or harpies that wait for their prey, build their eyries in the broken towers which rise from the ashes of the city" (Swete). Long ago true of Babylon and Nineveh, some day to be true of Rome.