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BABEL, TOWER OF @ kjv@Genesis:11:9

smith:



BABEL - B>@ - (confusion), Bab’ylon (Greek form of Babel), is properly the capital city of the country which is called in Genesis Shinar, and in the later books Chaldea, or the land of the Chaldeans. The first rise of the Chaldean power was in the region close upon the Persian Gulf; thence the nation spread northward up the course of the rivers, and the seat of government moved in the same direction, being finally fixed at Babylon, perhaps not earlier than B.C, 1700. I. Topography of Babylon
Ancient description of the city.
All the ancient writers appear to agree in the fact of a district of vast size, more or less inhabited having been enclosed within lofty walls and included under the name of Babylon. With respect to the exact extent of the circuit they differ. The estimate of Herodotus and of Pliny Isaiah:480 stades (60 Roman miles, 53 of our miles) of Strabo 385, of Q. Curtius 368, of Clitarchus 365 and of Ctesias 360 stades (40 miles). (George Smith, in his "Assyrian Discoveries," differs entirely from all these estimates, making the circuit of the city but eight miles.) Perhaps Herodotus spoke of the outer wall, which could be traced in his time. Taking the lowest estimate of the extent of the circuit, we shall have for the space within the rampart an area of above 100 square miles
nearly five times the size of London! It is evident that this vast space cannot have been entirely covered with houses. The city was situated on both sides of the river Euphrates, and the two parts were connected together by a stone bridge five stades (above 1000 yards) long and 30 feet broad. At either extremity of the bridge was a royal palace, that in the eastern city being the more magnificent of the two. The two palaces were joined not only by the bridge, but by a tunnel under the river. The houses, which were frequently three or four stories high, were laid out in straight streets crossing each other at right angles. II. Present state of the ruins.
A portion of the ruins is occupied by the modern town of Hillah . About five miles above Hillah, on the opposite or left bank of the Euphrates occurs a series of artificial mounds of enormous size. They consist chiefly of three great masses of building,
the high pile of unbaked brickwork which is known to the Arabs as Babel, 600 feet square and 140 feet high; the building denominated the Kasr or palace, nearly 2000 feet square and 70 feet high, and a lofty mound upon which stands the modern tomb of Amram-ibn-’Alb . Scattered over the country on both sides of the Euphrates are a number of remarkable mounds, usually standing single, which are plainly of the same date with the great mass of ruins upon the river bank. Of these by far the most striking is the vast ruin called the Birs
- Nimrud , which many regard as the tower of Babel, situated about six miles to the southwest of Hillah. BABEL, TOWER OF III. Identification of sites.
The great mound of Babel is probably the ancient temple of Beaus. The mound of the Kasr marks the site of the great palace of Nebuchadnezzar. The mound of Amram is thought to represent the "hanging gardens" of Nebuchadnezzar; but most probably it represents the ancient palace, coeval with Babylon itself, of which Nebuchadnezzar speaks in his inscriptions as adjoining his own more magnificent residence. IV. History of Babylon.
Scripture represents the "beginning of the kingdom" as belonging to the time of Nimrod. kjv@Genesis:10:6-10) The early annals of Babylon are filled by Berosus, the native historian, with three dynasties: one of 49 Chaldean kings, who reigned 458 years; another of 9 Arab kings, who reigned 245 years; and a third of 49 Assyrian monarchs, who held dominion for 526 years. The line of Babylonian kings becomes exactly known to us from B.C. 747. The "Canon of Ptolemy" gives us the succession of Babylonian monarchs from B.C. 747 to B.C. 331, when the last Persian king was dethroned by Alexander. On the fall of Nineveh, B.C. 625, Babylon became not only an independent kingdom, but an empire. The city was taken by surprise B.C. 539, as Jeremiah had prophesied, kjv@Jeremiah:51:31) by Cyrus, under Darius, kjv@Daniel:5, as intimated 170 years earlier by Isaiah, kjv@Isaiah:21:1-9) and, as Jeremiah had also foreshown, kjv@Jeremiah:51:39) during a festival. With the conquest of Cyrus commenced the decay of Babylon, which has since been a quarry from which all the tribes in the vicinity have derived the bricks with which they have built their cities. The "great city" has thus emphatically "become heaps." kjv@Jeremiah:51:37) Ba’bel, Tower of. The "tower of Babel" is only mentioned once in Scripture, kjv@Genesis:11:4-5) and then as incomplete. It was built of bricks, and the "slime" used for mortar was probably bitumen. Such authorities as we possess represent the building as destroyed soon after its erection. When the Jews, however, were carried captive into Babylonia, they thought they recognized it in the famous temple of Beaus, the modern Birs Nimrod . But the Birs
- Nimrrud though it cannot be the tower of Babel itself; may well be taken to show the probable shape and character of the edifice. This building appears to have been a sort of oblique pyramid built in seven receding stages, each successive one being nearer to the southwestern end which constituted the back of the building. The first, second and third stories were each 26 feet high the remaining four being 15 feet high. On the seventh stage there was probably placed the ark or tabernacle, which seems to have been again 15 feet high, and must have nearly, if not entirely, covered the top of the seventh story The entire original height, allowing three feet for the platform, would thus have been 156 feet, or, without the plat-form, 163 feet.

easton:



Babe @ used of children generally kjv@Matthew:11:25 kjv@Matthew:21:16; kjv@Luke:10:21; kjv@Romans:2:20). It is used also of those who are weak in Christian faith and knowledge ( kjv@1Corinthians:3:1; kjv@Hebrews:5:13; kjv@1Peter:2:2). In kjv@Isaiah:3:4 the word "babes" refers to a succession of weak and wicked princes who reigned over Judah from the death of Josiah downward to the destruction of Jerusalem.

Babel, tower of @ the name given to the tower which the primitive fathers of our race built in the land of Shinar after the Deluge kjv@Genesis:11:1-9). Their object in building this tower was probably that it might be seen as a rallying-point in the extensive plain of Shinar, to which they had emigrated from the uplands of Armenia, and so prevent their being scattered abroad. But God interposed and defeated their design by condounding their language, and hence the name Babel, meaning "confusion." In the Babylonian tablets there is an account of this event, and also of the creation and the deluge. (
See CHALDEA.) The Temple of Belus, which is supposed to occupy its site, is described by the Greek historian Herodotus as a temple of great extent and magnificence, erected by the Babylonians for their god Belus. The treasures Nebuchadnezzar brought from Jerusalem were laid up in this temple ( kjv@2Chronicals:36:7). The Birs Nimrud, at ancient Borsippa, about 7 miles south-west of Hillah, the modern town which occupies a part of the site of ancient Babylon, and 6 miles from the Euphrates, is an immense mass of broken and fire-blasted fragments, of about 2-300 feet in circumference, rising suddenly to the height of 235 feet above the desert-plain, and is with probability regarded as the ruins of the tower of Babel. This is "one of the most imposing ruins in the country." Others think it to be the ruins of the Temple of Belus.

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naves:



BABEL @
- A city in the plain of Shinar. Tower built, and tongues confused at kjv@Genesis:11:1-9
-
See BABYLON

BABES @
- In the mouths of, is praise perfected kjv@Matthew:21:16
- A symbol of the guileless kjv@Psalms:8:2; kjv@Matthew:11:25; kjv@Luke:10:21
- A symbol of the children of the kingdom of heaven kjv@Matthew:18:2-6; kjv@Mark:10:15; kjv@Luke:18:17

- FIGURATIVE .Of weak Christians kjv@Romans:2:20; kjv@1Corinthians:3:1; kjv@Hebrews:5:13; kjv@1Peter:2:2 .
See CHILDREN .
See PARENTS

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hitchcock:



kjv@STRING:Babel <HITCHCOCK>@ confusion; mixture - HITCHCOCK-B


kjv@STRING:Babylon <HITCHCOCK>@ same as Babel - HITCHCOCK-B


kjv@STRING:Zerubbabel <HITCHCOCK>@ a stranger at Babylon; dispersion of confusion - HITCHCOCK-Z


kjv@STRING:Zorobabel <HITCHCOCK>@ same as Zerubbabel - HITCHCOCK-Z


tcr:



BABEL, TOWER OF @ kjv@Genesis:11:9

strongs:



H2216 <STRHEB>@ זרבּבל zerûbbâbel zer-oob-baw-bel' From H2215 and H894; descended of (that {is} from) {Babylon} that {is} born there; {Zerubbabel} an Israelite: - Zerubbabel.


H2217 <STRHEB>@ זרבּבל zerûbbâbel zer-oob-baw-bel' (Chaldee); corresponding to H2216: - Zerubbabel.


H5288 <STRHEB>@ נער naar nah'-ar From H5287; (concretely) a boy (as {active}) from the age of infancy to adolescence; by implication a servant; also (by interchange of {sex}) a girl (of similar latitude in age): - {babe} {boy} {child} damsel [from the {margin]} {lad} {servant} young (man).


H5759 <STRHEB>@ עויל ‛ăvîyl av-eel' From H5764; a babe: - young {child} little one.


H5764 <STRHEB>@ עוּל ‛ûl ool From H5763; a babe: - sucking {child} infant.


H5768 <STRHEB>@ עלל עולל ‛ôlêl ‛ôlâl {o-lale'} o-lawl' From H5763; a suckling: - {babe} (young) {child} {infant} little one.


H7728 <STRHEB>@ שׁובב shôbêb sho-babe' From H7725; {apostate} that {is} heathenish or (actually) heathen: - backsliding.


H7988 <STRHEB>@ שׁליה shilyâh shil-yaw' Feminine from H7953; a foetus or babe (as extruded in birth): - young one.


H8339 <STRHEB>@ שׁשׁבּצּר shêshbatstsar shaysh-bats-tsar' Of foreign derivation; {Sheshbatstsar} Zerubbabel´ s Persian name: - Sheshbazzar.


H8586 <STRHEB>@ תּעלוּל ta‛ălûl tah-al-ool' From H5953; caprice (as a fit coming {on}) that {is} vexation; concretely a tyrant: - {babe} delusion.


H894 <STRHEB>@ בּבל bâbel baw-bel' From H1101; confusion; Babel (that {is} {Babylon}) including Babylonia and the Babylonian empire: - {Babel} Babylon.


G1025 <STRGRK>@ βρέφος brephos bref'-os Of uncertain affinity; an infant (properly unborn) literally or figuratively: - babe (young) child infant.


G2216 <STRGRK>@ Ζοροβάβελ Zorobabel dzor-ob-ab'-el Of Hebrew origin [H2216]; Zorobabel (that is Zerubbabel) an Israelite: - Zorobabel.


G3515 <STRGRK>@ νηπιάζω nēpiazō nay-pee-ad'-zo From G3516; to act as a babe that is (figuratively) innocently: - be a child.


G3516 <STRGRK>@ νήπιος nēpios nay'-pee-os From an obsolete particle νη ne; implying negation and G2031; not speaking that is an infant (minor); figuratively a simple minded person an immature Christian: - babe child (+ -ish).